CONDITIONS IN PARTICULAR INDUSTRIES, 247

China. In 1913 about 30 per cent of the cotton manufactures exsorted
 from the United States were unbleached cloths, about half of
which (approximately $8,000,000 in value) went to China. This
trade in unbleached cloths seems to be the only one in which Americans
 have been able to successfully compete in over-seas foreign
markets. Manufacturers of other cotton goods export only to neighboring
 or contiguous markets. In 1913 about 70 per cent of the
exports of colored cloths went to Canada, West Indies, and the
Philippines; 55 per cent of the bleached cloth went to Canada and the
Philippines; and one-third of the wearing apparel was exported to
Canada.
Compared with the export trade in cotton manufactures, American
exports of woolen, worsted, and felt goods and of silk goods are unimportant.
 Though the United States is a very large producer of
manufactures of wool and leads the world in manufactures of silk,
the production is almost wholly to satisfy the domestic market.
Manufactures of cordage and twine and jute and linen goods in
1909 were valued at $61,019,986 (see above). Exports in 1913
amounted to $11,260,757, about 72 per cent of which was binder
twine sent to Canada, Argentina, Russia, and France, in the order
named.
In such a report as this limitations of space forbid a full discussion
 of all the competitive conditions in the textile trade of the
world, and only a few of the more important aspects of such conditions
 can be touched upon. Accordingly the ensuing discussion is
largely confined to a description of some of the more important combinations
 in the textile industry of the principal producing countries,
to some of the salient features in the distribution of textiles, and to
the part which cooperation among American manufactures might
play in extending the exports of textiles from the United States.
For the sake of convenience the discussion is subdivided by countries.


GREAT BRITAIN.
The textile industry is one of the historic bulwarks of English
foreign trade. From the United States, Egypt, India, Brazil, and
West Africa, raw cottons are brought to Lancashire and made into
every kind of fabric. Similarly, wool is brought from Australia,
South America, South Africa, Spain, Turkey, Persia, and other coun~
tries to supplement that grown at home, and is woven into woolens
that have long been known over all the world. For years Irish linen
has been a synonym for the finest product of the flax fiber.
Since the cotton manufacturing industry is the leading branch of
the British textile industry, and since it is also of much more interest
to the United States in connection with the development of an export
trade in fextiles, the description of conditions in Great Britain is
jargely confined to the cottom industry.