58 REPORT ON COOPERATION IN AMERICAN EXFORT TRADE.
country and are able to meet the market price. At present the market
does not seem to be worth any effort.
Tae PriNT-Parer COMBINE.

The Association of German Print-Paper Manufacturers was founded
in Berlin in the year 1900 as a limited liability company (G.m.b. H.).
According to the agreement under which the union was organized
it was supposed to run to December 31, 1915, but negotiations have
been in progress during the last few months to extend this time.
The sales are entirely managed by the syndicate. The individual
companies unconditionally give up selling on their own account.
They also refuse to participate in any competitive undertaking either
directly or indirectly outside of the syndicate. All print paper produced
 by the members of the syndicate the central organization is
obliged to purchase. Each member can upon request specify the
amount of his products which can be sold abroad, but in doing so
such a member would take all risks of loss upon himself.
The assembly or general meeting of the company’s members has
power to decide, among other things, as to how the participation
quotas shall be fixed ; also the amount to which production shall be
limited in case of necessity, and, furthermore, to consider the advisability
 of taking in new members. The assembly has entire control
over the goods produced, and fixes the prices which the companies
shall receive for their products. The enlargement of the participation
 quota in particular cases can also be decided by this body. Enlargements
 of quotas do not take place automatically for all members,
but are considered when the desire of the company wishing this enlargement
 has been previously announced. -
The formation of the print-paper syndicate caused an extraordipary
 increase in the total German production in the first half year
of its existence (1901). The production amounted to 154,790 metric
tons. Of this amount the Print-Paper Union produced 106,710 tons,
to the value of 25,790,000 marks ($6,138,000). The syndicate, therefore,
 produced not quite 70 per cent of the total German production.
At the time when the Print-Paper Syndicate was organized (September
 26, 1903), the membership was composed of about 75 printpaper
 factories. These factories were controlled by 30 firms, who
were members of the union. In the year 1909 the print paper furnished
 by the union amounted to 234,000 tons, while that furnished
by outsiders amounted to 52,000 tons. The exports amounted to
32,000 tons, so that for inland consumption 254,000 tons were manufactured.
 The average price obtained was about 19 pfennigs per
kilogram (5 cents per 2.20 pounds). In 1909 the outsiders supplied
a little more than one-sixth of the total demand. To-day there are
about 50 print-paper factories, most of which belong to the syndicate,
thereby producing an almost complete monopoly. The manufacture
of print paper is the most important part of the German paper industry,
 and the prices obtained for print paper have a great influence
on the entire paper market.

CARTELS OF THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY.

Name, location, and preliminary remarks.—The textile industry
offers difficulties in the formation of cartels, yet recently some suc-