SPECIAL REPORTS FOR FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION. 219
shown in Railway Enterprise in China, by Percy Horace Kent,
published by Edward Arnold, London, 1908.
Outside of Jardine, Matheson &amp; Co. (Ltd.), while there are a
number of British firms that stand out prominently in China, there
are none worthy of special mention as of the magnitude of the
company named. Messrs. Butterfield &amp; Swire, next to Jardine,
Matheson &amp; Co. (Ltd.), perhaps maintain the largest trading organization
 throughout the country, but their interests are largely
confined to shipping, insurance, and general import and export.
An organization known at Shanghai as “Representation for
British Manufacturers (Ltd.) ” maintains a general manager and
assistant at Peking and a manager at Shanghai. This organization
claims to represent a number of British manufacturers, including
Davy Bros. (Ltd.), Sheffield (forging presses, boilers, steam hammers)
 ; Sir William Arrol &amp; Co. (Lid) Glasgow (bridges, harbor
works); John Brown &amp; Co. (Ltd.), Sheffield (steel forgings and
castings, armor plates); Cravens (Ltd.) (railway coaches and
wagons) ; Dorman, Long &amp; Co. (Ltd.) (sections and structural
steel work) ; Thomas Firth &amp; Sons (Ltd.), Sheffield (tool steel and
projectiles) ; R. W. Hawthorn, Leslie &amp; Co., Newcastle on Tyne
ning and locomotive sing biden) Hulse &amp; Co. (Ltd.), Manchester
 (machine tools) ; W. S. Laycock (Ltd:), Sheffield (railway
and tramway rolling stock appliances); and Simon Carves Coke
Oven Co. (Ltd.) Manchester (coke ovens, coal washers, etc.).
Of German firms, the most prominent, with wide trade organization
 by branch offices and agencies through the country, are Arnhold,
Karberg &amp; Co.; Carlowitz &amp; Co.; Diederichsen &amp; Co.; Melchers &amp;
Co. | Samamen &amp; Co.; and the Siemens China Electrical Engineering
 Co.
Arnhold, Karberg &amp; Co., with offices in Hamburg, London, New
York, Shanghai, and elsewhere, maintain a large establishment at
Shanghai, engaging in import and export business of all doscriptions,
maintaining a large engineering department, and engaging to some
considerable extent in the financing of industrial and other loans.
The same comment may be made in reference to Carlowitz &amp; Co.
Neither of these firms is perhaps as large as Jardine, Matheson &amp;
Co. (Ltd.), but all of them are of high standing, with large staffs,
evidently with strong financial connections, and prepared to engage
in Goverment, railway, and industrial contracting, engineering, and
general business on an extensive scale.
Messrs. Carlowitz &amp; Co. are the representatives, among others, of-—
Friedr. Krupp, A.-G. Gusstahlfabrik, Essen.
Friedr. Krupp, A.-G. Grusonwerk, Magdeburg.
Friedr. Krupp, A.-G. Stahlwerk, Annen. -
Friedr. Krupp, A.-G. Germaniawerft, Kiel-Garden.,
Henschel &amp; Sohn, Cassel.
Deutscher Stahlwerksverband, Diisseldort.
Heinrich Lanz, Mannheim.
Deutsche Waffen &amp; Munitionsfabriken, Karlsruhe-Berlin:
Waffenfabrik Mauser, A.-G. Oberndorf. »
Vereinigte Koeln-Rottweiler Pulverfabriken, Rottweil.
Deutsche Sprengstoff, A.-G. Hamburg.
Carl Zeiss, Jena.
Westfaelische Drahtindustrie, Hamm.
J. Pohlig, A.-G., Koeln.