2o6  THE  CHINESE  EMPIRE
chief  interest  in  them  attaches  to  the  Amur  degree
mmwm
Newchwang  and  Moukden,  and  the  Russian  ma  rn
Irkutsk  and  Lake  Baikal  to  Vladivostok.  ronta ins,
Sä  :  t  ^
ïzâsHsî
The  western  part  of  this  province  is  made  up  j  rovV s
of  the  Liao  and  the  valleys  of  its  tributaries,  c
wheat  and  durra  for  food,  and  beans  from  w  nc 1
an  esculent  and  illuminating  oil,  and  bean-ca  &lt;e  s  P
restore  exhausted  fertility  to  the  fields  of  Japan
Kwangtung.  The  eastern  part  is  mountainous  an  ^
to  the  husbandman  and  the  soldier,  and  its  pnndp
ducts  of  value  are  opium  and  silk.  T  he  latter  pro  u  ..
supplies  from  as  far  south  as  latitude  22  N.,  m  i  s  ,,
excellence  from  latitude  30 o  N.,  and,  in  the  shape  o  n ¿
silk  or  tussore  from  worms  feeding  on  the  oak,  rom  - c h
latitude  40 o  N.  In  minerals  Manchuria  is  sufficien  &gt;  ^
to  call  for  development,  gold,  silver,  copper,  lead,  iron,
coal  being  known  to  exist.  In  the  province  of  b  eng
are  three  treaty  ports,  or,  in  the  wild  scramble  for  rea
ports  now  manifested,  it  is  safer  to  say  that  this  was  ^
number  in  1906  ;  and  in  addition  there  is  the  territory
Port  Arthur  and  Dalny  (Talien  in  Chinese,  Tairen  in  Japañes  &gt;
granted  in  1898  to  Russia  on  a  lease,  which  was  subsequen  y&gt;
in  1905,  transferred  to  Japan.  __  .  ,
Newchwang.  (40 o  41'  N.,  122°  16'  E.)  Ibis  P° r ^
situated  13  miles  above  the  mouth  of  the  Liao,  was  opens
officially  in  1861,  but  actually  in  1864  at  Yingtze  or  Yingko  »
30  miles  below  the  unimportant  city  of  Newchwang’