THE  PROVINCES  AND  THE  TREATY  PORTS  207
Recently  the  port  has  been  distinguished  as  Yingkow,  but
Newchwang  is  and  lias  been  the  name  officially  given  to
the  Treaty  Port,  the  Custom  House,  and  the  Post  Office.
A  British  concession  was  laid  out,  and  through  the  long  years
of  waiting  for  trade  the  little  clump  of  buildings  on  this—
dingy,  dirty,  and  dusty—sufficed  for  all  the  requirements  of
the  port.  Now  there  are,  on  the  left  bank,  the  remains,  not
yet  eroded  out  of  existence,  of  the  old  British  concession,
and  a  new  Russian  concession,  with  6,000  feet  frontage,  at
the  terminus  of  the  branch  line  connecting  the  port  with  the
main  line  of  railway  at  Tashihkiao,  which  presumably  goes
with  the  railway  to  the  Japanese  ;  and,  on  the  right  bank,
a  new  British  concession  with  3,000  feet  frontage,  and  a
Japanese  concession  with  3,000  feet  frontage,  have  been
staked  out,  but  not  yet  agreed  to  by  China  ;  and,  next  down
stream,  the  “  Imperial  Chinese  Railway  Reserve,”  with
13,000  feet  frontage.  The  Chinese  population  at  the  port  is
estimated  at  75,000,  and  on  December  31,  1905,  there  were
within  the  district  291  resident  civilian  foreigners,  of  European
and  American  nationality  and  7,408  Japanese  reported  by
the  Consulate.  The  slow  development  of  trade  at  Newch ­
  wang  will  be  judged  from  the  following  figures,  which  in
this  case,  as  in  the  case  of  all  the  other  ports  to  be  described,
show  the  value  of  the  traffic  in  “  foreign-type  vessels  ”  (i.e.
nowadays  mainly  steamers)  under  the  cognisance  of  the
Imperial  Maritime  Customs,  and  do  not  include  the  junk
traffic  under  the  cognisance  of  the  Native  Customs.

1864
1874
1884
1894
1904

Imports.
Tls.
709,738
2,433,135
3,690,410
7,886,161
29,358,392

Exports.
Tls.
1,710,398
1,753,543
4,123,084
8,532,443
12,159,486

Total.
Tls.*
2,420,136
4,186,678
7,813,494
16,418,604
41,517,878

*  I  he  tael  (Tls.)  of  silver  had  an  exchange  value  of  6s.  8d.  in
1864,  of  6s.  4&lt;¿.  in  1874,  of  5s.  yd.  in  1884,  of  3s.  2d.  in  1894,  and  of
2s.  10d.  in  1904.