2o8

THE  CHINESE  EMPIRE
During  1904  the  junk  trade  amounted,  in  addition,  t°
Tls.6,365,261  for  imports,  and  Tls.4,313,861  for  exports,  &amp;
total  of  Tls.10,679,122.  This  gives  a  total  of  Tls.52,197,000
as  the  value  in  1904  of  the  water-borne  trade  of  the
district,  of  which  Newchwang  has  been  until  1906  the  sole
official  and  legal  port  of  entry,  and  does  not  include  any
trade  which  may  have  been  carried  by  rail  across  the  land
frontier  or  through  Dalny.  Among  imports  the  principal
items  are  cotton  woven  fabrics  (value  in  1904  Tls.10,050,000
for  foreign,  and  Tls.7,815,000  for  native  weaving),  cotton ­
  yarn  (value  Tls.3,946,000),  hemp  and  gunny  bags
(Tls.315,400),  cigarettes  (Tls.428,890),  flour  (Tls.837,000,
supplies  from  Harbin  being  shut  off),  matches  (Tls.428,5 00 )'
paper  (Tls.1,705,000),  kerosene  oil  (Tls.1,087,000),  sugar
(Tls.i,497,000),  rice  (Tls.962,000),  and  wheat  (  1  ls.6o3,ooo)-Of
  products  of  the  district  finding  their  outlet  at  NeW
chwang  the  principal  are  beans  (value  in  1904  1  ls.6,577j 000 ^’
bean-cake  (Tls.4,589,000),  bean-oil  (Tls.2,133,000),  silk
(Tls.2,oo5,ooo) J  and  such  opium  as  was  declared  for  assess"
ment  of  duty  (Tls.289,000).
Moukden  (41°  51'  N.,  123°  26'  E.)  is  the  Manchu  nai#
of  what  in  Chinese  is  known  as  Shengking  (the  Sacre
Capital),  and  administratively  was  from  a.d.  1625  calle
Shenyang,  and  is  now  officially  termed  Fengtien.  The  ol
capital  of  the  Manchus  before  they  marched  to  the  conques
of  China  and  migrated  to  Peking,  it  still  remains  a  sleeps
capital,  with  a  complete  equipment  of  Ministries,  duly
provided  with  Presidents,  Vice-Presidents,  and  Secretaries,
whose  most  important  functions  have  for  two-and-a-h#
centuries  been  those  connected  with  pay-day.  The  practi
cal  administration  is  in  the  hands  of  a  Governor-General,
who  is  at  the  same  time  Military  Governor  (Tsiang-ku#.
Tartar  General),  and  of  a  Civil  Governor,  who  is  assimilate
to  the  Governors  of  the  Eighteen  Provinces.  Situated  at  &amp;
distance  of  one  hundred  miles  from  Newchwang,  in  the  heart
of  the  plain  of  the  Liao  valley,  it  is  admirably  placed  i0
serve  as  a  distributing  centre,  and  is  on  the  point  of  beiug
opened  as  a  treaty  port.  It  is  connected  by  rail  with  DaW