ELBERFELD.
223
There is much organisation amongst the working classes and especially
amongst workmen belonging to the more skilled trades and industries. It was
estimated at the close of 1904 that of the brewers 85'5 per cent, belonged to trade
unions of some kind, of the stonemasons 76 - 2 per cent., of the woodworkers .58*8
per cent., of the carpenters 56‘6 per cent., of the metal workers 37*7 per cent., of
the painters and plasterers 32 per cent., of the textile workers 26'8 per cent.,
of labourers engaged in transport 22 per cent., and of masons’ labourers
10 per cent.
The following table summarises the predominant wages and hours of
labour in the more important occupations : —
Wages and Hours of Labour in the Principal Occupations, October, 1905.
Weekly Wages.
Weekly Hours of
Labour.
Building Trades* :—
Bricklayers and Masons
Stonemasons
Carpenters
Joiners and Cabinetmakers ...
Plumbers
Painters ...
Stucco-workers
Artistic Smiths and Iron-workers
Labourers ... ... ' ...
Iron and Steel Works :—
Sand Moulders (hand)
Loam ,, ... ...
„ „ helpers
Machine Moulders
„ „ helpers
Planers ...
Polishers
Coremakers
Labourers
Textile Trades :—
.Cotton and Woollen Weavers
Plush Weavers ...
Silk Ribbon Weavers
Dyers cotton ...
, , Sl.lli ... ... ...
„ silk plush
„ unskilled men ...
Finishers
Cotton printers... ... -
Button making :—
Engravers
Solderers
Other workmen
Printing and Allied Trades :—
Printers and Machine-minders
Machine Compositors—news...
„ „ jobbing
Bookbinders
Food, Drink, Ac., Industries : —
Bakers, first hands
„ second hands
Brewers ...
Brewers’ coopers
„ labourers
„ draymen
Miscellaneous :—
Chemical workers
30s.
42s.
33s.
29s. 8Æ
28s. 6(7.
27s. to 30s.
35s. 3(7. to 42s.
24 s.
24s.
36s. to 39s.
28s. „ 32s.
24s. „ 25s.
32s. „ 34s.
25s. 3(7.
30s. to 35s. 6(7.
27s.
28s. to 34s. 6(7.
22s. 6(7. to 24s. 6d.
18s. to 19s. 3(7.
23s. to 30s.
25 s.
22s. to 26s.
22s. „ 26s.
25s. „ 32s.
21s. „ 22s.
22s. to 23s. 2(7.
35s.
33s.
29s. 5(7.
27s.
24s. 9(7.
30s. 11(7.
32s. 2(7.
25s. to 27s.
28s.
24s.
27s.
27s.
22s.
27s.
19s.
60
60
60
54
57
60
56 to 60
60
60
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
59 to 60
56
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
59
59
59
54
48
54
60
72
72
60
60
60
60
54
* The wages and hours of labour stated for the building trades are fora full week in summer.
On the basis of the rates given in the above Table, the level of wages of
skilled men in the building trades is represented by 89 as compared with 100 in
Berlin, while for labourers in the building trades the percentage is 94. The
rates for printers are 88 per cent, of those in Berlin.