Geld-, Bank- und Börsenwesen

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1012150852

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-27269

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Obst, Georg http://d-nb.info/gnd/11759296X

Title:: Geld-, Bank- und Börsenwesen

Edition:: 25., verbesserte Auflage

Place of publication:: Stuttgart

Publisher:: C.E. Poeschel Verlag

Year of publication:: 1927

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (XV, 521 Seiten)

Digitisation:: 2018

Collection:: Business and Management Classics

Usage license:: Get license information via the feedback formular.

Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Erster Teil. Geld und Geldsurrogate

Collection:: Business and Management Classics

Railroads 31 bringing iron ore and wheat from the Minnesota mines and prairies and for the lake freighters that and along the southern shore of Lake Erie. (2) Roadbed, cuts, and bridges. To build a railroad is not merely a matter of laying down ties and rails. Although these are expensive, they usually cost much less than the roadbed itself. Even in a plain the roadbed should be raised a little above the general level, so that it will not become muddy in wet weather. Culverts must be provided to draw off the rain water where there are no regular streams; cuts are needed in almost every mile of road except in the most level regions; bridges are a most expensive item; and even the ballast — that is, the gravel or crushed rock which covers the roadbed — often costs a great deal, especially in regions like the prairies, where there is no good surface rock or gravel. (3) Special expenses of upkeep. Under certain geographical cir- cumstances special kinds of railroad equipment are required. For example, among the Sierra Nevada mountains the trains often run for miles through snowsheds. In sandy deserts, such as Transcaspia, the railroad must sometimes be protected from blowing sand by a special kind of desert bush which is planted in hedges and carefully tended until it gets a good start. In swamps the roadbed often sinks a little and must constantly be built up. For example, for several hundred miles the Amur Railway, in eastern Siberia, runs through swamps where the upper foot or two consists of peat which acts like a blanket and prevents the lower part-of the swamp from melting. Thus most of the swamp remains frozen in summer as well as in win- ter. In order to build the railroad, the peat had to be taken off. The sun in summer warms the ballast which replaces the peat, and thus a little of the frozen swamp melts each summer and the railroad sinks a

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