The social Theory of Georg Simmel

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1024612627

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-166627

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Spykman, Nicholas J. http://d-nb.info/gnd/124229867

Title:: The social Theory of Georg Simmel

Place of publication:: Chicago

Publisher:: Univ. of Chicago Press.

Year of publication:: 1925

Scope:: XXIX, 297 S

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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i] re 1 - al Or Pra y n d he xd r- or 1S 1- in n- (= ye ON 1n = he an or ral 18 SOCIAL CONSERVATION 171 community embodies its unity and purpose in its priest- hood, a political community in its bureaucracy or in its army, permanent unions in their officers, and transitory associations in their committees. The formation of such special organs is the result of a sociological division of labor. The interaction between individuals, in which in the last instance all socialization consists, appears at first as an immediate reciprocity be- tween the elements. The whole group of individuals par- takes at first immediately in the religious, military, legal, and economic activities. The individual activities become unified in social activities on the basis of common agree- ments and mutual adjustments. The religious worship is the result of the religious needs common to the individuals. The administration of justice is cared for by an immediate judgment of the community as a whole. The economic life is made possible by a direct exchange of producers who are at the same time consumers. These interactions which create the social unity and thus become functions are in a later stage no longer exer- cised by the persons immediately concerned, but pass over to special functional groups. The previous immediate rec- iprocities make room for a situation in which each individ- ual element comes now into contact, not with all other ele- ments, but with the newly developed organs. In a group without specialized functional organs, only the individuals have an actual existence; the coherence between them, that is, the group unity, has only a functional aspect. But if these organs have been formed, the group coherence be- comes embodied in a structure of its own. That structure is not only separate and apart from the members of the group, but it is even relatively independent of its individ- ual bearers. The church, the bureaucracy, and even the industrial

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