The Industrial Revolution

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1027928145

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-159926

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Cunningham, William http://d-nb.info/gnd/128907487

Title:: The Industrial Revolution

Place of publication:: Cambridge

Publisher:: The University Press

Year of publication:: 1922

Scope:: xxii S., S. 404-886

Digitisation:: 2021

Collection:: Economics Books

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THE INFLUENCE OF COMMERCE ON INDUSTRY 499 and incited to riot, by being dismissed in periods of bad 4-D- 2659 trade ; while the merchant was better able than the capitalist employer, to reject inferior cloth, and to prevent it from coming into the market at all’. On the other hand, the but Bt capitalist employer not only supervised the industry, but wasn established his own trading connections. He was better placed he et for completing a large order by a given date, as the work- 2" super: men were more entirely under his control, and he was able to workmen, organise the industry on the best lines and to introduce a suitable division of labour. The domeéstic weaver would have to sell his cloth to a fuller, or cloth-worker?, practically in his own neighbourhood, before it was a marketable article: he did not come in direct contact with the consumer, either at home or abroad. The large clothier had much better oppor- bunities of disposing of his goods, either in a half-manufac- tured, or finished state. Not only so—the domestic weaver would be inclined to go on producing the same make of cloth he had always furnished, but the great undertaker could attempt to gauge the probable demand for different classes of goods, and manufacture with a view to a changing demand. The domestic system may have been better adapted for the maintenance of a recognised standard, though this seems doubtful, but the capitalist was certainly in a better position for introducing improvements and making progress’. From the point of view of developing trade, capital was at a decided advantage, but the domestic system managed to ond intro- maintain its ground, till the introduction of expensive machinery. gauging the market. 1 Compare the remedy for abuses in the Somerset trade, 2 and 3 P. and M. s. 12. A bad piece would be left on the hands of the independent workman and used locally; but if a capitalist manufacturer owned the inferior goods, he would pe likely to try to pass them off somehow. 9 The complete independence of each link of the industry as it existed in Devonshire in 1630 is very remarkable. ¢ First the gentleman farmer, or husband- man, sends his wool to the market, which is bought either by the comber or the spinster, and they, the next week, bring it thither again in yarn, which the weaver puys; and the market following brings that thither again in cloth, where it is sold sither to the clothier (who sends it to London), or to the merchant who (after it has passed the fuller’s mill and sometimes the dyer's vat), transports it.” Westcote, View of Devonshire, p. 61. 3 Duchesne, L’ Evolution économique et sociale de U' Industrie de la Laine, 60. According to Mr Graham's evidence, Reports 1806, m. 1058 (printed pagination 144), the neighbourhood of capitalist factories tended to the introduction of improvements on the part of domestic manufacturers. 239 __ 9

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