The Industrial Revolution

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1027928145

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-159926

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Cunningham, William http://d-nb.info/gnd/128907487

Title:: The Industrial Revolution

Place of publication:: Cambridge

Publisher:: The University Press

Year of publication:: 1922

Scope:: xxii S., S. 404-886

Digitisation:: 2021

Collection:: Economics Books

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518 PARLIAMENTARY COLBERTISM Master Manufacturers for one in the space of a few years, and five times the Number of Workmen. These Towns owe their greatness as well as the Nation the Trades here mentioned to the public spirit of two or three Men in each,......This spreading of Trade and multiplying of Masters has so astonishingly enlarged these Cities of late years, and increased the numbers of Workmen®” Capitalism was becoming the prevalent type of organisation, and it was specially appropriate for exotic trades. Any trade, which had been constituted under the control of large employers in its older habitat, was likely to be introduced in the same form ; and as capital was an important factor in the trans- ferring of a trade to a new area, there was a tendency for the industry, as transplanted, to conform to the capitalist type. This trend towards capitalism had already been ex- emplified in the planting of new industries under Elizabeth?; it seems to be probable that both the mew drapery and the cotton manufacture® were organised, from their first introduction to this country, by employers. Though some of the protestant refugees were mere labourers, others were men of considerable means and of tried capacity, who were well able to engage in trades where an expensive plant was necessary. The gun-making which was developed at Birmingham, the paper manufacture and glass works which sprang up in so many places, were necessarily organised as capitalist undertakings. There were, of course, other cases where the newly introduced or developed trade was organised Domestic on domestic lines. This was to some extent true of the silk as industry, from its artistic character, though the cost of the jeems 0 material rendered it particularly suitable for capitalist inter- wperseded vention’, We can find indications of the transformation of this trade on the capitalist model, which are closely analogous to the steps in the reconstitution of old-established English A.D. 1689 ~1776. tended to develop on rapitatist lines. 1 Reflexions upon various subjects [ Brit. Mus. 1144 (8)]. 2 See above, p. 78. 8 The cotton trade appears to have been organised on capitalist lines in Augsburg, long before its migration to Antwerp, or to England. Nuebling, lms Handel in Mittelalter, 142, in Schmoller’s Forschungen, IX. Vo t Smiles, Huguenots, 263 ; Macpherson, Annals, m. 617. 5 A mere labourer would have great difficulty in purchasing it—on the other hand the capitalist would run special risks of embezzlement.

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