The Industrial Revolution

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1027928145

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-159926

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Cunningham, William http://d-nb.info/gnd/128907487

Title:: The Industrial Revolution

Place of publication:: Cambridge

Publisher:: The University Press

Year of publication:: 1922

Scope:: xxii S., S. 404-886

Digitisation:: 2021

Collection:: Economics Books

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COAL-MINING 527 preparing the materials, had been resented by the landed AD. 1639 interest; but the proprietors in certain districts gained iron man. enormously through the development which occurred in the Longe 2 . mutate later part of the eighteenth century. The success of the the coal oes y . trade. Darbys, in utilising coal instead of wood for the smelting and “** manufacture of iron, not only gave a new impulse to that trade, but caused an immense increase of coal-mining, and occasioned the introduction of better facilities for internal intercourse. The coal trade had been growing, but was still of a limited character; the only fields, which had been hitherto worked on a large scale!, were those of Newcastle, as the product of these mines could be easily shipped. Throughout the seventeenth century there had been a con- 000k ed siderable and growing export trade. Much of the traffic was to growing foreign parts®, but a very large trade with London® was also og Tae springing up. The city had come to rely so much on this Nabe supply of fuel, as to feel considerable inconvenience from the interruption of the coaling trade which occurred during the Civil War*, There was some uncertainty, even under ordinary circumstances, since the heavily laden colliers® were greatly exposed to storm. Defoe tells a story of more than two hundred sail of vessels, mostly colliers, with a thousand lives, which were lost in one storm off the Norfolk coasts, The vessels were also in danger of attack from pirates’. We hear of other difficulties, many of which were due to the action of the Hostmen of Newecastle®; this fraternity had been incor- porated by Queen Elizabeth, for the loading and disposing of pit coals upon the Tyne’. The exclusive privileges of these 1 Mining on a small scale had been carried on in Yorkshire from time im- memorial. The Halifax coal-field is mentioned in the Wakefield Court Rolls in 1308. For many references to Yorkshire mining, see Mr Lister's article in Old Yorkshire, mw. series, edited by Wheater (1885), p. 269. On the arrangements made for the purchase and supply of coal in Dublin, see Gross, Gild Merchant, I. 137, oo. 66 f. 2 Reports, 1871, Xvi. 826. 8 Petty writes of the consumption of coal in houses as a new thing. Political Arithmetic (1699), p. 259; Macpherson, mm. 580. 4 See coale, Charcoale and Small coale (1643), quoted in Reports, 1871, xvrm. 826. 3 These belonged partly to Newcastle Merchants and partly to those of Lynn (Defoe, Tour (1748), 1. 76), and of Yarmouth (4b. 1. 66). 8 Defoe, Tour, 1. 71. 1 Commons Journals, X. p. 491, 2 Dec. 1690; Brand, Newcastle, mm. 300. ® For complaints in 1604, see Rep, Hist. MSS. Comm. v1. Ap. 311. 3 Brand. x. 271.

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