The Industrial Revolution

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1027928145

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-159926

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Cunningham, William http://d-nb.info/gnd/128907487

Title:: The Industrial Revolution

Place of publication:: Cambridge

Publisher:: The University Press

Year of publication:: 1922

Scope:: xxii S., S. 404-886

Digitisation:: 2021

Collection:: Economics Books

Usage license:: Get license information via the feedback formular.

A.D. 1689 —1776. while their pasture farming was dis- couraged, 582 . PARLIAMENTARY COLBERTISM mentalists in new methods of culture.” Absentees could take no such interest in their estates; and the existing laws did not ensure such profit to the agriculturist as to render tillage a tempting investment in Ireland. The trivial bounties? which were eventually given on export (unaccompanied as they were by any protection against the constant importation of bounty-favoured corn from England) did not render tillage profitable. Landlords were on the whole opposed to it?, and the measures, which tried to force them to adopt it, remained a dead letter®. It was not till England had begun to lose her position as a European granary, and the necessity for import was coming to be regularly felt, that Ireland was put on anything like an equality with her in regard to the encouragement of corn-growing®. The landed men, in the pasture counties of England, were inclined to be jealous of the favour extended to their corn- growing compatriots; and this made them all the more eager to obtain protection against the competition of Irish graziers. Their success in prohibiting the legitimate trade in Irish wool, and Irish provisions, was most detrimental to the economic interests of the realm as a whole; Irish wool was smuggled to the continent in considerable quantities, and supplied the staple material for manufactures which threatened to rival our own® while the Dutch and the French had the advantage of providing their ships on easy terms with Irish victuals, since there were so many hindrances to the purchase of them for English vessels’; but the landowners in the grass counties were inclined to demand farther protective measures. 1 Thorold Rogers, Agriculture and Prices, v. p. vil. 3 Newenham, 121, 130. 8 Ib. 126. t 1 Geo. II. ¢. 10 (Irish) ; Newenham, 128. 5 19 and 20 Geo. IIL. ¢. 17 (Irish); Newenham, 142. 6 See above, pp. 374, 378. 7 Ireland had been allowed a direct trade with the colonies in 1660, but this permission was withdrawn by the terms of 22 and 23 C. IL ec. 26, and 7 and 8 W. III. ¢. 22. The first relaxation of this restriction, 4 Geo. IL e. 15, only enabled her to procure rum on easy terms from the West Indies, and this again may be represented as sacrificing native distilling to a trade in which much English capital was invested (Newenham, 100). It also encouraged the Irish to purchase West Indian products from the French Islands; and to pay for them by victualling French ships. Caldwell, Enquiry, in Debates, 771. BW. Allen. The Landlord's Companvon (1742), p. 21.

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