The Industrial Revolution

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1027928145

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-159926

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Cunningham, William http://d-nb.info/gnd/128907487

Title:: The Industrial Revolution

Place of publication:: Cambridge

Publisher:: The University Press

Year of publication:: 1922

Scope:: xxii S., S. 404-886

Digitisation:: 2021

Collection:: Economics Books

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COTTON-SPINNING 823 and fustians made from the vegetable material. In 1641 A.D.1776 » . —1850. we have an undoubted mention of the weaving of cotton in its modern sense; Lewis Roberts’ speaks with admiration of sizteenth the enterprise of the Manchester men who bought the cotton SL nth wool of Cyprus and Smyrna’ in London and sold quantities centuries. of fustians, vermilions and dimities. A few years earlier, in 1626, we have an isolated proposal to employ the poor in the spinning and weaving of cotiton wool’; it seems likely enough that the industry was planted in Lancashire about 1685 by immigrants from Antwerp, a city where the fustian manufac- ture had been prosecuted with success’. But however it was dealing in Manchester commodities, sent up to London. * * He was High Sheriff of the County 1635, discharging the place with great Honour. Insomuch that very good Gentlemen of Birth and Estate did wear his Cloth at the Assize to testifie their unfeigned affection to him” (Fuller's Worthies, 121). Fuller also explains that several sorts of fustians are made in Lancashire, “whose in- habitants, buying the Cotton Wool or Yarne coming from beyond the Sea, make it here into Fustians, to the good employment of the poor and great improvement of the rich therein, serving mean people for their outsides, and their betters for the Lineings of their garments; Bolton is the Staple place for this commodity being brought thither from all parts of the county” (+5. 106). In Rees’ Encyclo- pedia there is an interesting account of the organisation of the fustian trade about the middle of the seventeenth century. *Fustians were manufactured in quantities at Bolton, Leigh, and other places adjacent; but Bolton was the principal market for them, where they were bought in the grey by the Manchester dealers, who finished and sold them in the country. The Manchester traders went regularly on market days to buy fustians of the weavers, each weaver then procuring his own yarn and cotton as he could, which subjected the trade to great inconvenience. To remedy this, the chapmen themselves furnished warps and cottons to the weavers, and employed persons in all the little villages and places adjacent, to deliver out materials, and receive back the manufactured goods when finished. Each weaver’s cottage formed at that time a separate and independent little factory, in which the raw material was prepared, carded and spun, by the femsle part of the family, and supplied woof, or weft, for the goods which were wove by the father and his sons.” 8.v. Cotton Manufacture. 1 “The towne of Manchester in Lancashire must be also herein remembered and worthily, and for their industry commended, who buy the Yarne of the Irish in great quantity, and weaving it returne the same againe in Linnen into Ireland to sell; neither doth the industry rest here, for they buy Cotten wool in London, that comes first from Cyprus and Smyrna, and at home worke the same and perfit it into Fustians, Vermilions, Dymities and other such Stuffes, and then returne it to London, where the same is vented and sold, and not seldom sent into forrain parts,” Treasure of Trafficke, 82, 33. The localisation of the cotton trade in Lancashire may have been connected with facilities for obtaining from Ireland the iinen yarn, which was then found necessary for the warp of the fabrics. 3 One of the allegations in favour of the Turkey Company was that it provided materials for this manufacture, while the East India Company introduced finished goods. 8 J. Stoit, Brit. Mus. Add. MSS. 12,496, f. 236. 4 Cunningham, Alien Immigrants, p. 180.

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