The Industrial Revolution

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1027928145

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-159926

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Cunningham, William http://d-nb.info/gnd/128907487

Title:: The Industrial Revolution

Place of publication:: Cambridge

Publisher:: The University Press

Year of publication:: 1922

Scope:: xxii S., S. 404-886

Digitisation:: 2021

Collection:: Economics Books

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LAISSEZ FAIRE practical monopoly of the wool grown in the country; and there was no considerable area to which they could look for large additional quantities of raw material. and seems There is some reason to, believe that, during the last lo have been quarter of the eighteenth century and first few years of na, the nineteenth—that is during the period when spinning machinery was being introduced —the supply of English wool actually diminished’. Enclosing’ in the seventeenth and a great part of the eighteenth century had told in favour of the improvement of pasture; but it seems that towards its close, this was no longer the case. The rising price of corn rendered it profitable to convert grass land to tillage, and the area available for pasture seems to have decreased. The policy of the country, too, had been directed, from the fifteenth century onwards, towards rendering corn growing more profitable than pasture farming: the landowners in the grass countries had never succeeded in the demand that they should be treated more or less like the agriculturists and have liberty to export their wool’, instead of being limited to the home market. The price was thus kept down, and in all probability this reacted sooner or later upon the quantity produced. At all events it appears that about 1794-6 there was a deficiency, which was looked upon as a wool famine; and the ordinary conditions of the supply of raw material were such, that there was no possibility of a rapid expansion of the manufacture. The changes which had been introduced, in the breeding of sheep, were not favourable to the wool supply, and there was a marked decline in the quality of the British clip. From 1800 onwards, there was occasion for an 344 A.D. 1776 —1850. 1 The price was very low in 1780, and rose rapidly from that time. Long wool was quoted at 4d. and in 1791 at 73d.; short at 43d. in 1780 and at 9d. in 1791. Bischoff, A Comprehensive History of the Wool and Worsted Manufactures. L. 405. 3 Tn 1816 Lord Milton argued that permission to export would raise the price of wool and thus induce landed men to increase the supply (Bischoff, op. cit. 1. 411). There had been a similar controversy in 1781, when Sir John Dalrymple urged that exportation should be permitted (The Question Constdered). This pamphlet called forth answers from Tucker and Forster, and support from Chalmers (Propriety of allowing Qualified Ezxportation, 1782). The gentlemen of Lincoln- shire formally advocated it, while the manufacturers agitated against it. Short 7iew of Proceedings, Brit. Mus. B. 546 (13), gives a full account of the controversy. a «The heavier the carcase the coarser the fleece.” Mr Hughes’ evidence

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