The Industrial Revolution

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1027928145

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-159926

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Cunningham, William http://d-nb.info/gnd/128907487

Title:: The Industrial Revolution

Place of publication:: Cambridge

Publisher:: The University Press

Year of publication:: 1922

Scope:: xxii S., S. 404-886

Digitisation:: 2021

Collection:: Economics Books

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THE SUPPLY OF WOOL, IRELAND AND AUSTRALIA 647 imported from Calcutta, but the native breed of Bengal is AD. 1776 not a good stock; the fleece is of a poor colour and bad Io. quality’. The first important step in improving the breed was taken by Captain Waterhouse, who was in command of H.M. Ship Reliance, and called at the Cape in 1797, during through the the first period of British possession, on his way to Australia. ation He then had the opportunity of purchasing twenty-nine % Spanish merino-sheep, and he bought them, partly on his own account, and partly for friends who were willing to join in the speculation? The passage from the Cape to Sydney occupied nearly three months, and about a third of the sheep died on the way. When they arrived in Australia, they were carefully tended, however, and as Captain Waterhouse distributed them among several farmers®, the breed in the colony and the quality of the wool was improved in an astonishingly short space of time, By this means it was demonstrated that Australia was admirably fitted for wool-growing, and that there might be a new and practically unlimited supply of the raw material of our chief manufacture, but it did not become available in any considerable quantity till the second decade of the aineteenth century. Captain Macarthur, who had been en- gaged in farming in Australia for some years, and had a flock of 4000 sheep’, was the first man who devoted himself to pushing this new trade; he visited England in 1803, with the double object of raising capital to engage in pasture farming on a large scale, and of getting a grant, from Govern- ment, of lands suitable for a sheep farm. In neither object was he wholly successful, although he obtained the assistance of one powerful authority in pushing his scheme. Sir Joseph Banks, then President of the Royal Society, had accompanied Cook in his voyage of discovery in 1770, when Botany Bay was first sighted, and he had taken a prominent part in the colonisation of New South Wales in 1787. It was now necessary to set aside part of the system which was then adopted in letting land. Grants had hitherto been made with a view to the prosecution of tillage, and ! Bonwick, Romance of the Wool Trade, 81. Ib. 70. 8 Ib. 71. dé 73. 73.

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