Die Berliner Arbeiterbewegung von 1890 bis 1905

The new industrial revolution and wages

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1031122125

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-63440

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Bernstein, Eduard http://d-nb.info/gnd/118509993

Title:: Die Berliner Arbeiterbewegung von 1890 bis 1905

Place of publication:: Berlin

Publisher:: J.H.W. Dietz Nachfolger

Year of publication:: 1924

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (439 Seiten)

Digitisation:: 2018

Collection:: Economics Books

Usage license:: Get license information via the feedback formular.

Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Zweites Kapitel. Die soziale Entwicklung Berlins von 1890 - 1905

Collection:: Economics Books

PRE-WAR PRINCIPLES AND METHODS 21 wage-earners in all parts of the country. Included in this study was a very large proportion of native white and older immigrant families, and the average annual family income shown was $750. The object of the inquiry was to ascertain the cost of living of industrial workers, and no attempt was made to analyze the adequacy of the incomes earned or the standards of life based on these incomes.! The budgetary facts disclosed by this investigation, how- ever, were of great value to those which followed, prin- cipally under private auspices, for the direct purpose of showing the minimum cost of proper subsistence of wage- earners and their families. The most notable of these were those made by Louise Bolard More, of Columbia University, of 200 families in New York City during the years 1903-05 ; by Doctor R. C. Chapin, of 642 families in New York City in 1907, under the auspices of the Associ- ation for Improving the Condition of the Poor; by J. C. Kennedy and others of the University of Chicago, in 1914, of 184 families of the Chicago Stockyards District; by Frank H. Streightoff in the same year for families in New York, Buffalo, Syracuse, Elmira and Albany, for the New York Factory Investigating Commission ; by the Bureau of Personal Service of New York City, in 1914; and by Esther L. Little and W. J. Henry Cotton, in 1914, of “A Suggested Budget for a Textile Worker’s Family in Philadelphia,” the investigators being graduate students in the University of Pennsylvania? ¢ The most exhaustive of these studies was that made by Doctor Chapin. His conclusion was that in 1907 “an income of $900 or over” for a wage-earner’s family 1 Eighteenth Annual Report of the Commissioner of Labor on Cost of Liv- ing, Washington, Government Printing Office, 1901. 2 Reprints of all these Budgetary Studies are to be found in Bulletin 7, “Standards of Living,”” Bureau of Applied Economics, Washington, 1920.

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