Der Weg der Reparation

The nature of capital and income

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1724503022

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-104526

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Bergmann, Carl http://d-nb.info/gnd/133570878

Title:: Der Weg der Reparation

Place of publication:: Frankfurt am Main

Publisher:: Societäts-Druckerei G.m.b.H., Abteilung Buchverlag

Year of publication:: 1926

Scope:: 409 Seiten

Digitisation:: 2020

Collection:: Economics Books

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Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Teil II. Die Politik der Erfüllung und der Kampf um das Moratorium

Collection:: Economics Books

Skc. 8] INCOME SUMMATION 145 Interactions are essentially identical with what were dis- cussed a generation ago under the title “productive serv- ices.” But inasmuch as the name “productive services” is not a very happy one, and its use has been so confused and has engendered so many verbal quibbles, it seems advisable not to revive it. The essential fact that these “productive services” were two-faced — negative as well as positive — was always overlooked, and there remained no other charac- teristic which could give the phrase a definite and scientific meaning. Interactions constitute the great majority of the elements which enter into income and outgo accounts. The only services which are not merely the positive side of interac- tions are mental satisfactions — desirable conscious experi- ences — often miscalled “consumption”; and the only disservices which are not the negative side of interactions are pains or “labor.” But these are only the outer fringes of the economic fabric. Between them is a connective net- work of productive processes and commercial transactions, every fiber of which has two sides, a positive side of serv- ices and a negative side of disservices. $3 The interactions between two articles or groups of articles may, of course, consist either in causing or preventing changes or events. The events or changes which are caused or prevented are of three chief kinds, — changes of form of wealth, changes of position, and changes of owner- ship; or, transformation, transportation, and transfer. We shall take these up in order. What is here called transformation of wealth is prac- tically identical with what is usually understood by “pro- duction” or “productive processes.” * By the transforma- tion of wealth, or the changes produced in its form, is meant the changes of relative position of its parts. Weav- 1 Cf. Marshall, Principles of Economics, 3d ed., p. 132. L

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