Procedures in employment psychology

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 173623112X

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-112923

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Bingham, Walter Van Dyke http://d-nb.info/gnd/123042593; Freyd, Max

Title:: Procedures in employment psychology

Place of publication:: Chicago & New York

Publisher:: Shaw

Year of publication:: 1926

Scope:: XI, 269 S

Digitisation:: 2020

Collection:: Economics Books

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Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: VII. Psychological tests

Collection:: Economics Books

EMPLOYMENT PSYCHOLOGY are “From New York to Chicago is — —— miles,” and “How far is it from New York to Chicago? — miles.” The response is narrowly limited by the meaning of the context, and the place for recording it is specifically indi- cated. Still greater constraint is placed on the response when instead of allowing the subject to state or write his response, he is asked to indicate which of certain responses is the cor- rect one. If the number of alternatives is more than two, the test is called a multiple choice test. An example is: «From New York to Chicago is 253 540 912 1164 miles. (Underline the correct figure.)” The greatest constraint is placed on the response when the subject is required to choose between two alternatives, as “From New York to Chicago is 1,061 miles. True False (Underline one).” As constraint is placed on responses the objectivity of the examination increases, especially as regards scoring, but the reliability of the separate items decreases. The two- choice response is free from the difficulty of scoring the large variety of answers encountered in free responses. On the other hand, a single correct response, if free, has greater reliability as a measure of information, mainly because the two-choice form allows of guessing. Consequently, as more constraint is placed on responses, the number of items in the examination must be increased to gain reliability. The investigator should strive to obtain objectivity by placing constraint on the individuals responses and yet to retain reliability by allowing some freedom of response or by using a sufficiently large number of items. The happy medium is usually found in questions of types B2 or B3 (a) in the above classification, with not less than 50 items to an examination. Certain forms of test presentation have proved popular. The multiple choice test, with its many variations, is one of these. The usual number of alternative answers is four. 08

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