Procedures in employment psychology

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 173623112X

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-112923

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Bingham, Walter Van Dyke http://d-nb.info/gnd/123042593; Freyd, Max

Title:: Procedures in employment psychology

Place of publication:: Chicago & New York

Publisher:: Shaw

Year of publication:: 1926

Scope:: XI, 269 S

Digitisation:: 2020

Collection:: Economics Books

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Document type:: Monograph

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Title:: VIII. Psychological tests (concluded)

Collection:: Economics Books

: EMPLOYMENT PSYCHOLOGY The score may be the difference between the performance of the subject and some previously established group norm or consensus of expert opinion. The score may be the difference between test perfor- mances of an individual under varying conditions. If the differences between subjects in test performance are discrete, the investigator can assign numerical values to the types of response, in accordance with his judgment of their excellence, or he can build a scale in accordance with experimental findings based on the Cattell-Fullerton principle that “equally often noticed differences are equal,” the principle which underlies the construction of many edu- cational scales such as the Thorndike scale of merit in handwriting. It is not always necessary, however, to assign quantitative values to qualitative differences of response. If the subject is required to place a number of variants in their true order, correlation with true order may be used as the score. Some tests have been scored by rating scales; that is, the examiner observes the type of response and then by refer- ence to a table obtains the score which is assigned to that type of response. This method lacks objectivity, but no one has determined just how much error exists in it. For certain types of responses it is the only feasible scoring method. An example of the use of a rating scale in the scoring of a test is to be found in the Manual of Directions for the Dow- ney Individual Will-Temperament test. The directions for Test 12 (called Resistance to Opposition) are as follows: “Close your eyes and write your name again with this pencil. Be sure to keep your eyes closed.” After the writing of the name is well started, place a small obstruction (such as a small fountain-pen pasteboard box) in front of the pencil-point, exerting enough pressure so that to con- tinue writing will require considerable effort. Continue the pres- sure until the name is completed. If the subject stops movement or opens his eyes, say, “Go on.” 18

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