Procedures in employment psychology

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 173623112X

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-112923

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Bingham, Walter Van Dyke http://d-nb.info/gnd/123042593; Freyd, Max

Title:: Procedures in employment psychology

Place of publication:: Chicago & New York

Publisher:: Shaw

Year of publication:: 1926

Scope:: XI, 269 S

Digitisation:: 2020

Collection:: Economics Books

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Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: V. Analysis of the worker

Collection:: Economics Books

EMPLOYMENT PSYCHOLOGY worked at the occupation, he has already available some skill, trade knowledge, and judgment which will shorten his period of training for this particular job. These abilities should be measured—tested by means of an adequate sam- pling of typical standardized occupational tasks, information items, and judgment problems. If, on the other hand, the applicant has had no experience in this vocation, his ability to handle a sample of the work, and particularly the rate at which he acquires this new ability, may be an indication of his future success at the job. The investigator will, of course, interpret all measurements in the light of his infor- mation as to the worker’s previous education, experience, and opportunities to learn; he may even find it advantageous to get the facts about the interests and occupational accom- plishments of parents and grandparents. But he need not trouble himself as to whether the observed relation between parental success and achievement of offspring is due to the forces of heredity or of environment. The distinction be- tween native and acquired abilities may safely be ignored. GENERAL AND SPECIFIC ABILITIES A similar haze envelops the distinction between specific abilities and general abilities, but the controversies over this subject cannot be so promptly dismissed. An appreciation of the problem, at least, is helpful to an understanding of much current writing on vocational selection. Every one believes in specific abilities. A person’s achievements in occupation or profession are conditioned by the excellence of a large number of readily distinguish- able characteristics, each independent, to some degree at least, from all the others. The question which has long concerned psychologists is, whether a man’s ability as a whole is essentially a summation of these specific abilities. Are there not certain common factors involved in all of a man’s behavior? Are there not at least a few general abilities? 68

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