Procedures in employment psychology

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 173623112X

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-112923

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Bingham, Walter Van Dyke http://d-nb.info/gnd/123042593; Freyd, Max

Title:: Procedures in employment psychology

Place of publication:: Chicago & New York

Publisher:: Shaw

Year of publication:: 1926

Scope:: XI, 269 S

Digitisation:: 2020

Collection:: Economics Books

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Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: V. Analysis of the worker

Collection:: Economics Books

ANALYSIS OF THE WORKER One of the alleged common factors is the ability to learn, the ability to profit by experience, the ability to modify behavior in order to achieve a purpose, the ability to shape one’s acts in the light of an end to be sought. This ability is usually called intelligence. No one questions that intel- ligence, as so defined, is the outstanding characteristic of the animals higher in the evolutionary scale; or that it is most indispensable in those human beings whose professional ac- complishments are superlative. The controversy is as to whether this all-important ability called intelligence is a general common factor conditioning in greater or smaller degree all of a person’s acts of adjustment, or whether it is simply a convenient abstract term used to refer to a sum total of many specific abilities, similar in some regards but independent of each other. The literature on this topic is of appalling extent, and includes much statistical as well as theoretical material. The issue has been beclouded somewhat by the tendency to identify the alleged common factor, intelligence, with the ability measured by some well-known test such as Army Alpha or the Binet-Simon series. These tests, like all so- called mental alertness tests or intelligence scales, aim to provide a sampling of performance typical of what the per- son examined would do under a wide variety of circum- stances. To do this, it is inevitable that tasks be presented whose performance calls for certain specific abilities in addi- tion to the more universal modes of response which it is the real purpose of the test to disclose. One’s score in an intel- ligence test is then first of all a measure of specific ability, of ability to do precisely the things required of him in that test. So far as these responses are identical, wholly or in part, with elements of responses needed in other situations, the test becomes a partial measure of ability to meet these other situations also. Even such a limited sampling of verbal problems as Army Alpha gives something of an indi- cation of a young man’s capacity to succeed in a professional 60

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