Migration and business cycles

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1736236210

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-111544

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Jerome, Harry

Title:: Migration and business cycles

Place of publication:: New York

Publisher:: National Bureau of Economic Research

Year of publication:: 1926

Scope:: 256 S.

Digitisation:: 2020

Collection:: Economics Books

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Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter II. Significant features of migration

Collection:: Economics Books

SIGNIFICANT FEATURES OF MIGRATION CHAPTER SUMMARY Upon the facts presented in this chapter, we have based the following major conclusions concerning the immigration elements to be selected for study and the method to be used in their analysis. 1. Primary, though not exclusive, attention should be given to those alien arrivals and departures ordinarily designated, res- pectively, as alien immigrants and alien emigrants. 2. For our purpose, the volume of male immigration is more significant than the volume of total immigration. 3. Owing to the violence of the major fluctuations in immigration, the estimation of trends in the subsequent chapters 1s, in most cases, by the flexible method of moving averages, with adjustments in some instances to iron out minor irregularities. 4. Immigration movements are characterized by strong seasonal fluctuations for which adjustment must be made to facilitate the study of cyclical fluctuations. 5. The increasing fraction of total immigration contributed by the peoples of southern and eastern Europe in the years before the Great War suggests the desirability of special attention to the cyclical fluctuations in the leading elements of this group. 6. Immigrants of the various races or peoples exhibit marked differences in the extent to which they establish a permanent residence in this country, indicating the desirability of comparing eyclical fluctuations in emigration by race or people. 7. A large proportion of immigrants engage in relatively un- skilled occupations in factories, mines, and construction operations; hence special attention should be given to fluctuations in employ- ment in these industries and particularly to variations in the market for common labor. 8. Lastly, the relative volume of migration compared with population is indicated by the fact that while, in this century, the annual number of net alien arrivals has exceeded one per cent of the total population only in 1907, in some of the years just before the Great War, the number of net arrivals of alien workers was equivalent to more than two per cent of the total number of wage earners attached to the leading industries in the United States. 53

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