The Industrial Revolution

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1746729937

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-119900

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Földes, Béla http://d-nb.info/gnd/119338211

Title:: Finanzwissenschaft

Edition:: 2., neubearbeitete Auflage

Place of publication:: Jena

Publisher:: G. Fischer

Year of publication:: 1927

Scope:: XIV, 683 S.

Digitisation:: 2021

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Drittes Buch. Die Staatsausgaben

Collection:: Economics Books

A.D. 1776 —1850. Protection was with- Spann frm Canadian lumber in accordance with Free Trade doctrine. 356 LAISSEZ FAIRE awakened to a new sense of responsibility to the Indians at an early date in the nineteenth century. The interrup- tion of trade during the Napoleonic War! had brought the Company to the verge of ruin; and the Indians, who had come to be dependent for their very existence on supplies of ammunition from Europe, were reduced to a state of terrible distress?. The most serious economic difficulties, in connection with the remaining British possessions on the American Continent, arose in consequence of the new economic policy which England was adopting. The com- plications which occurred in regard to the Importation of cereals from Canada were the occasion of the repeal of the Navigation Acts, and the adoption of Free Trade led, in 1860, to the discontinuance of the preference which Canada had enjoyed, since 1803, for the supplying the mother- country with timber3, while the West Indies suffered in a 1 The exportation of furs for sale at the markets of Leipsic and Frankfort became impossible for some years after 1806. Willson. The Great Company, 362. 2 In a petition sent in 1809 to the Chaneellor of the Exchequer the Company states that “the nations of hunters taught for one hundred and fifty years the nse of fire-arms could no more resort, with certainty, to the bow or the javelin for their daily subsistence. Accustomed to the hatchet of Great Britain, they could il adopt the rude sharpened stone to the purposes of building, and until years of misery and of famine had extirpated the present race they could not recur to the simple arts by which they supported themselves before the introduction of British manufactures. As the outfits of the Hudson's Bay Company consist principally of articles which long habit have tanght them now to consider of first necessity, if we withhold these outfits we leave them destitute of their only means of support.” Beckles Willson, Great Company, p. 863. 3 The Northern Colonies had never had such favour bestowed upon them as the West Indian Colonies; but lumber, one of their principal products, had been protected by a discriminating duty. This pressed very heavily on timber imported from Memel and the North of Europe. During the war the duty on European limber per load of 50 cubic feet was raised from 6s. 8d. to 653., while the duty on tolonial timber was never more than 2s. and that was removed before the close of the war. In 1821, in accordance with the recommendations of a Parliamentary Committee, the rate on European timber was fixed at 55s. and on colonial at 10s. (Porter, Progress of Nations, 874), and this appears to have had the effect of greatly invigorating the colonial timber trade. It was, however, alleged that the effect of these duties was to render timbar dear in this country, to put a premium on the use of inferior qualities, and to encourage owners to use ships which had better have been broken up for fuel. There was consequently a steady attack apon the timber duties, as there had been on the sugar duties; but as they did not affect an article of ordinary domestic consumption, comparatively little public interest was aroused on the matter, and Canada continued to enjoy the advantage of this tariff till 1860 (Dowell, op. est. 11. 358).

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