An Introduction to the theory of statistics

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1751730271

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-127610

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Yule, George Udny http://d-nb.info/gnd/12910504X

Title:: An Introduction to the theory of statistics

Edition:: 8. ed. rev

Place of publication:: London

Publisher:: Griffin

Year of publication:: 1927

Scope:: XV, 422 S; Ill., Diagr

Digitisation:: 2021

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Part II. The theory of variables

Collection:: Economics Books

. THEORY OF STATISTICS. and D' and A will be comparable as regards age-distribution. There is obviously no difficulty in taking sex into account as well as age if necessary. The death-rates must be noted for each sex separately in every age-class and averaged with a system of weights based on the standard population. The method is also of importance for comparing death-rates in different classes of the population, e.g. those engaged in given occupations, as well as in different districts, and is used for both these purposes in the Decennial Supplements to the Reports of the Registrar General for England and Wales (ref. 16). 19. Difficulty may arise in practical cases from the fact that the death-rates d, d, d;, . . . . are not known for the districts or classes which it is desired to compare with the standard popula- tion, but only the crude rates D and the fractional populations of the age-classes p; py, pg . . . . The difficulty may be partially obviated (cf. Chap. IV. § 9, pp. 51-3), by forming what is termed an sndex death-rate A’ for the class or district, A” being given by A=306p)¥ 4 aE t.e. the rates of the standard population averaged with the weights of the district population. It is the crude death-rate that there would be in the district if the rate in every age- class were the same as in the standard population. An approximate standardised death-rate for the district or class is then given by A Di=D rs (20) D” is not necessarily, nor generally, the same as D". It can only be the same if S(d.w) 3(o.w) (dp) 2(0p) This will hold good if, e.g., the death-rates in the standard population and the district stand to one another in the same ratio in all age-classes, s.e. 8,/d; = 8,/d,=0,/d; = etc. This method of standardisation is used in the Annual Summaries of the Registrar-General for England and Wales. Both methods of standardisation —that of § 18 and that of the present section—are of great and growing importance. They are obviously applicable to other rates besides death-rates, e.g. birth- rates (cf. refs. 17, 18). Further, they may readily be extended into quite different fields. Thus it has been suggested (ref. 19) that standardised average heights or standardised average weights 2924

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