An Introduction to the theory of statistics

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1751730271

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-127610

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Yule, George Udny http://d-nb.info/gnd/12910504X

Title:: An Introduction to the theory of statistics

Edition:: 8. ed. rev

Place of publication:: London

Publisher:: Griffin

Year of publication:: 1927

Scope:: XV, 422 S; Ill., Diagr

Digitisation:: 2021

Collection:: Economics Books

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Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Part I. The theory of atributes

Collection:: Economics Books

te THEORY OF STATISTICS. Arithmetical work, however, should be executed from first principles, and not by quoting formule like the above. Example ii.—Check the work of Example i., § 13, by finding the frequencies of the ultimate classes from the frequencies of the positive classes. i = (4B) - (4BC)=338 —57=281 Ay) = (dy) - (ABy)= (4) - (40) ~ (4By) =877 - 143 — 281 =453 (aBy) = (By) - (4By) =H = (B) - (C) + (BO) - (43) =10,000 — 1086 — 286 +135 — 453 =10,135 — 1825 = 8310 and so on. 18. Examples of statistics of precisely the kind now under consideration are afforded by the census returns, e.g., of 1891 or 1901, for England and Wales, of persons suffering from different “infirmities,” any individual who is deaf and dumb, blind or mentally deranged (lunatic, imbecile, or idiot) being required to be returned as such on the schedule. The classes chosen for tabulation are, however, neither the positive nor the ultimate classes, but the following (neglecting minor distinctions amongst the mentally deranged and the returns of persons who are deaf but not dumb) :—Dumb, blind, mentally deranged ; dumb and blind but not deranged; dumb and deranged but not blind; blind and deranged but not dumb ; blind, dumb, and deranged. If, in the symbolic notation, deaf-mutism be denoted by 4, blind- ness by B, and mental derangement by C, the class-frequencies thus given are (4), (B), (C), (4By), (480), (aBC), (ABC) (cf. Census of England and Wales, 1891, vol. iii., tables 15 and 16, p. vii. Census of 1901, Summary Tables, table xlix.). This set of frequencies does not appear to possess any special advantages. 19. The symbols of our notation are, it should be remarked, used in an inclusive sense, the symbol 4, for example, signifying an object or individual possessing the attribute 4 with or without others. This seems to be the only natural use of the symbol, but at least one notation has been constructed on an exclusive basis (cf. ref. b), the symbol 4 denoting that the object or in- dividual possesses the attribute 4, but not B or C or D, or what- ever other attributes have been noted. An exclusive notation is apt to be relatively cumbrous and also ambiguous, for the reader cannot know what attributes a given symbol excludes until he has seen the whole list of attributes of which note has been taken, and this list he must bear in mind. The statement that the symbol A is used exclusively cannot mean, obviously, that the object referred to possesses only the attribute 4 and no others yd

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