An Introduction to the theory of statistics

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1751730271

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-127610

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Yule, George Udny http://d-nb.info/gnd/12910504X

Title:: An Introduction to the theory of statistics

Edition:: 8. ed. rev

Place of publication:: London

Publisher:: Griffin

Year of publication:: 1927

Scope:: XV, 422 S; Ill., Diagr

Digitisation:: 2021

Collection:: Economics Books

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Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Part I. The theory of atributes

Collection:: Economics Books

CHAPTER IIL ASSOCIATION. 1-4. The criterion of independence.—5-10. The conception of association and testing for the same by the comparison of percentages—11-12. Numerical equality of the differences between the four second-order frequencies and their independence values—13. Coefficients of associa- tion—14. Necessity for an investigation into the causation of an attribute 4 being extended to include non-4’s. I. Ir there is no sort of relationship, of any kind, between two attributes 4 and B, we expect to find the same proportion of 4’s amongst the B’s as amongst the non-A’s. We may anticipate, for instance, the same proportion of abnormally wet seasons in leap years as in ordinary years, the same proportion of male to total births when the moon is waxing as when it is waning, the same proportion of heads whether a coin be tossed with the right hand or the left. Two such unrelated attributes may be termed independent, and we have accordingly as the criterion of independence for 4 and B— (4B) _ (46) Cw (B) (B) If this relation hold good, the corresponding relations (a5) (a5) 8B) (B) (4B) _(aB) 4) (a) (4B) _(aB) (4) (a)° must also hold. Tor it follows at once from (1) that— (Br-(45) _(B) (Af) F2) = CON TY ! (B) Fh

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