The Freedmen's Savings Bank

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 175265076X

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-129631

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Fleming, Walter Lynwood http://d-nb.info/gnd/120660560X

Title:: The Freedmen's Savings Bank

Place of publication:: Chapel Hill

Publisher:: Univ. of North Carolina Press

Year of publication:: 1927

Scope:: x, 170 S.

Digitisation:: 2021

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter IV. The good work of the bank

Collection:: Economics Books

CARDING AND WOOL-COMBING 651 manufacturer has as much done for 13d. as used to be AD. 1776 performed for 44d.'” The machinery for carding appears to aud thts have been quite acceptable in Yorkshire in 1806; and to had been have been ordinarily used by the domestic manufacturers®; re similar mechanism had been introduced into Gloucestershire some years earlier’. It is obvious, that as the trade could not expand to any considerable extent, the displacement of so much labour involved a loss of employment ; and the attempt to introduce machinery in the preparatory processes of the worsted manufacture gave rise to violent opposition. The worsted*, as distinguished from woollen, manufacture works up wools with long staple, the fibres of which are straightened out as in the linen or cotton manufacture; while the woollen but the in- manufacture, properly so called, is dependent on wools with rein of a short staple, the fibres of which have much tenacity, and for fhe are. which can thus be matted into a thick material like felt. rend Till the time of Edmund Cartwright, wool for the manufac- a ture of worsted had been combed by hand; but between the years 1790 and 1792 Cartwright perfected his second great invention. The estimate which he gave of the importance of his invention sounds like an exaggeration, but a brief ex- perience showed that there was no real over-statement; “a set of machinery consisting of three machines will require the attepdance of an overlooker and ten children, and will comb a pack, or 2401bs, in twelve hours. As neither fire nor oil is necessary for machine combing, the saving of those articles, even the fire alone, will, in general, pay the wages of the overlooker and children; so that the actual saving to the manufacturer is the whole of what the combing costs by the old imperfect ‘mode of hand combing. Machine combed wool is better, especially for machine spinning, by at least 12 per cent., being all equally mixed, and the slivers uniform t Annals of Agriculture, Xv. p. 262. 3 Reports, 1806, m, printed pagination 6, 32, 84. The scribbling machinery lisplaced about 750/y of the male labour employed in Gloncestershire in that process. Reports, 1840, xx1v. 390. 8 About fifty years ago according to Mr Miles in 1840. + Machine combing was introduced in 1794 at Tiverton, and did in one hour, with the employment of one overseer and eleven children, work that would have taken a good workman thirty hours: see Report in Commons Journals. 1.1%. 399

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