An Introduction to the theory of statistics

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Identifikator:: 175265076X

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-129631

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Fleming, Walter Lynwood http://d-nb.info/gnd/120660560X

Title:: The Freedmen's Savings Bank

Place of publication:: Chapel Hill

Publisher:: Univ. of North Carolina Press

Year of publication:: 1927

Scope:: x, 170 S.

Digitisation:: 2021

Collection:: Economics Books

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Document type:: Monograph

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Title:: Chapter IV. The good work of the bank

Collection:: Economics Books

THEORY OF STATISTICS. (3) Yurz, G. U., “On the Methods of Measuring the Association between Two Attributes,” Jour. Roy. Siat. Soc., vol. 1xxv., 1912, pp. 579-642. (A critical survey of the various coefficients that have been suggested for measuring association and their properties: a modified form of the coefficient of § 13 given which possesses marked advantages.) (4) PEARSON, KARL, “On the Correlation of Characters not Quantitatively Measurable,” Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc., Series A, vol. cxev., 1900, p. 1. (Deals with the problem of measurement of intensity of association from the standpoint of the theory of variables, giving a method which has since been largely used : only the advanced student will be able to follow the work. For a criticism see ref. 3.) (5) PEARSON, Kary, and DAvip Heron, “On Theories of Association,” Biometrika, vol. ix., 1913, pp. 159-832. (A reply to criticisms in ref. 3.) (6) GREENWOOD, M., and G. U. YuLg, “The Statistics of Anti-typhoid and Anti-cholera Inoculations, and the interpretation of such statistics in general,” Proc. Roy. Soc. of Medicine, vol. viii., 1915, p. 118. (Cited for the discussion of association coefficients in § 4, and the conclusion that none of these coefficients are of much value for comparative pur- poses in interpreting statistics of the type considered.) (7) Lipps, G. F., “Die Bestimmung der Abhiingigkeit zwischen den Merkmalen eines Gegenstandes,” Berichte d. math. -phys. Klasse d. kgl. sdchsischen Gesellschaft d. Wissenschaften, Leipzig, Feb. 1905. (Deals with the general theory of the dependence between two characters, however classified ; the coefficient of association of § 13 is again suggested inde- pendently.) EXERCISES. 1. At the census of England and Wales in 1901 there were (to the nearest 1000) 15,729,000 males and 16,799,000 females; 3497 males were returned as deaf-mutes from childhood, and 3072 females. State proportions exhibiting the association between deaf-mutism from childhood and sex. How many of each sex for the same total number would have been deaf-mutes if there had been no association ? 2. Show, as briefly as possible, whether 4 and B are independent, posi- tively associated, or negatively associated in each of the following cases :— (@) N =5000 (4) =2350 (B) =3100 (4B)=1600 ©) (4) = 490 (4B)= 294 («) = 570 (aB)= 380 (c) (4B)= 256 (aB) = 768 (4B)= 48 (af) ="144 3. (Figures derived from Darwin’s Cross- and Self-fertilisation of Plants, ¢f. ref. 1, p. 294.) The table below gives the numbers of plants of certain species that were above or below us average height, stating separately those that were derived from cross-fertilised and from self-fertilised parentage Investigate the association between height and cross-fertilisation of parentage, and draw attention to any special points you notice. Parentage Cross-fer- Parentage Self-fer- tilised. Height— tilised. Height— Species. 3 Above | Below Above | Below Average. Average. | Average. | Average. Ipomaa purpurea . . . 63 10 18 b5 Petunia violacea . . 61 16 13 64 Reseda lutea =. . . 25 7 11 21 Reseda odorata . . . . 39 | 16 25 30 Lobelia fulgens . : . 17 17 12 22 4.0

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