International trade

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1758394757

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-136209

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Taussig, Frank William http://d-nb.info/gnd/120199459

Title:: International trade

Place of publication:: New York, NY

Publisher:: Macmillan

Year of publication:: 1927

Scope:: XXI, 425 Seiten; graph. Darst.

Digitisation:: 2021

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Part II. Problems of verification

Collection:: Economics Books

162 Rn INTERNATIONAL TRADE hand — are both available for a given product. Even when thus available, the data involve inference, and may call for qualifica- tion and explanation. They are after all indirect, not direct, and are less conclusive than observations or measurements which have in view an immediate comparison of the quantities of labor exerted for a given output. At all events, whether likely to be satisfactory or not, evidence of this indirect sort is not forthcoming. I may remark, by way of anticipation, that other evidence of the indirect type, indubitably significant, is available in abundance ; to this attention will be given in the next chapter. So far as concerns direct data, we are compelled to turn to scattered instances in which for one purpose or another information has been secured on the quantities of labor needed for producing given units of goods. To be pertinent for our inquiry, the infor- mation should relate, of course, not to one country alone, but to two or more ; that is, to one and the same commodity in the several countries. Such sporadic figures of this type as are available have usually been gathered for other problems than those of international trade. I proceed to adduce some data which have come to my attention. The Bureau of Mines of the United States Department of the Interior has been engaged for many years in an endeavor to check accidents in coal mines. This country has had a disgraceful posi- tion in this regard, standing lowest among all the advanced coun- tries in its record of accidents and fatalities. The Bureau of Mines, in the endeavor to bring out the large proportion of fatalities both to men employed and to tonnage mined, has collected figures of both kinds for various countries. It has thus enabled a comparison to be made of the relation between man power and physical output — the tons produced per year for each man employed. Figures are available showing how many tons of coal were brought to the pit’s mouth for each miner; and also how many tons for each worker of every kind (not only the underground men, but all employed about the mines). I give the figures for selected years:

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