International trade

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1758394757

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-136209

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Taussig, Frank William http://d-nb.info/gnd/120199459

Title:: International trade

Place of publication:: New York, NY

Publisher:: Macmillan

Year of publication:: 1927

Scope:: XXI, 425 Seiten; graph. Darst.

Digitisation:: 2021

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Part II. Problems of verification

Collection:: Economics Books

DIFFERENCES IN LABOR COSTS 171 terms (stated values) was known, and where it was also known that the prices and qualities of the products were virtually the same. For butter, e.g. the net output in Great Britain was found to be, in money terms, £125 per head, in the United States £242 per head. Differences in price for the article between the two countries were negligible. It follows that physical output was in the ratio of the value output, that is, nearly 1 to 2. So in the case of ice. The value output was £212 per head in Great Britain, £307 in the United States; the prices of ice in the two countries were, as it happened, identical. The physical output per head was therefore in the ratio roughly of 2 to 3. For another commodity, window glass, figures are available from a different quarter, and comparisons of a similar sort can be made; in this case for the United States, Belgium, and Sweden. The figures were put together by the Tariff Commission of Sweden, being computed as part of an investigation of the relation between costs of production in that country and costs in the important competing countries.! They are of special interest because for the United States they give two sets of data, one for the hand-blown glass, the other for the glass made by machine. The industry in the United States has been revolutionized in recent times by the invention and successful operation of elaborate machinery.? The new process — one further phase of the conquering march of the machine processes — has largely displaced in this country the glass blower who dominated in the older handicraft stage of the industry. During the Great War, as it happened, there was a pause in this process of displacement. Various neutral countries turned to the United States for supplies, since Belgium (which had been the most important country of export) was in chains. Consequently !T am indebted for these figures to Professor B. Ohlin, of the University of Copenhagen, who called my attention to them during his sojourn in the United States in 1923. *On this striking industrial development see an excellent publication of the United States Department of Commerce, Miscellaneous Series No. 60 (1917): The Glass Industry, Report on the Cost of Production of Glass in the United States. — The machines are blowing devices: an intricate apparatus for doing with compressed air what the hand blower did with his lunes.

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