International trade

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1758394757

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-136209

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Taussig, Frank William http://d-nb.info/gnd/120199459

Title:: International trade

Place of publication:: New York, NY

Publisher:: Macmillan

Year of publication:: 1927

Scope:: XXI, 425 Seiten; graph. Darst.

Digitisation:: 2021

Collection:: Economics Books

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Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Part II. Problems of verification

Collection:: Economics Books

172 INTERNATIONAL TRADE the American hand factories of the older type, and the glass blowers working in them, experienced for some years a revival of activity and prosperity. This was no more than a temporary interruption of the main trend; the machine process was triumphing in the United States, and indeed seems destined to rule soon in other countries also. During the stage of transition, thus prolonged in the United States by the war conditions, machine and handicraft processes were applied side by side. Hence comparisons were made by the Swedish investigators not only between the European countries and the United States, but between the two methods of production in the latter country alone. The figures follow. They give the output per worker, in terms of square meters. Winbow-Grass Ourpur (SQ. METERS PER WORKER) Sweden (1913) Belgium (1906) United States (hand-blown, 1915) United States (machine-blown, 1915) ! ~~ nT n 3400 2800 5250 MoNTH 20 &10 400 650 Day 10 11 16 21 In considering the figures, regard must be had to differences in working arrangements. The season in the United States is but seven months in the hand factories, eight months in the machine factories ; during the hot summer months the works are shut down. In Sweden and Belgium the operations run thru ten to eleven months, and in Belgium work goes on thru the Sundays. Apparent discrepancies between the figures for year, month, and day are thus accounted for. It appears that, for the hand factories, there are no marked differences in the annual output per head for the three countries. Per day, the effectiveness of labor is greater in the United States (16 as against 11 in Belgium and 10 in Sweden) ; but for the year, the United States ranks lowest. Belgium ranks highest for the year, but this is the result mainly of prolongation of labor thru a larger portion of the year. When comparison is made, however, between the machine

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