Banking standards under the federal reserve system

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1762969653

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-142432

Document type:: Monograph

Title:: Banking standards under the federal reserve system

Place of publication:: Chicago

Publisher:: A. W. Shaw Company

Year of publication:: 1928

Scope:: xxxviii, 420 Seiten

Digitisation:: 2021

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Part II. Norms and trends in individual series for all Member Banks, by districts

Collection:: Economics Books

NORMS AND TRENDS IN EXPENSES 05 with the seven-year district levels, (2) with each other from year to year and over the period 1919 to 1925, and (3) with the aver- age yearly amounts for the country. Moreover, having expressed the expenses as ratios of both earning assets and of gross earnings, and having found norms and tendencies peculiar to them as thus measured, we may summarize the similarities and differences. If a summary is to be brief, it must be drawn in general terms and in broad outline. Exceptions to the rules suggested are accounted for in what has already been said. Norms 1. Total expense measured in terms of earning assets and of gross earnings, relative to the district levels for the period 1919 to 1925, was prevailingly low in the early and generally high in the later years in the various districts. Both measures agree in showing the ratios to be low in 1919 and 1920, and to be high in 1924. In the other years, agreement is less complete. In 1921, expenses were high in terms of earning assets and generally low in terms of gross earnings; in 1923, the ratios according to both measurements were low in the East and hich in the other parts of the country. 2. Total expense, when expressed as percentages of earning assets and of gross earnings and when compared with the coun- try’s yearly average level, was low in the eastern, high in the western, and about average in the central districts. The ratios in New York and Philadelphia were below and those in Chicago, St. Louis, Minneapolis, and Kansas City above the country level during each year from 1919 to 1925. Trends 1. The trend of total expense, as percentages of earning assets and of gross earnings for the country as a whole, was irregularly upward between the beginning and the close of the period. To this general rule there are no exceptions for the different dis- tricts for the amounts based on gross earnings, and only one for those based on earning assets. Both measures indicate increases to be general among the districts between 1920 and 1921, and be- tween 1923 and 1924; in the other pairs of years they show con- flicting trends.

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