The Elements of economic geology

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1773832379

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-172798

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Gregory, John W. http://d-nb.info/gnd/11683014X

Title:: The Elements of economic geology

Place of publication:: London

Publisher:: Methuen

Year of publication:: 1928

Scope:: XIV, 312 S.; graph. Darst.

Digitisation:: 2021

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Part V. Mineral fuels

Collection:: Economics Books

MINERAL OIL 287 Drake struck oil at Titusville beside Oil Creek in Pennsyl- vania. It was the first of the 680,000 wells that have been drilled for oil in the United States up to 1926, and it led to the opening of the great field which extends west of the Appalachian Mountains through Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois. The rocks range from the Ordovician to the Carboniferous. Ordovician rocks are raised to the surface in the W. by the broad Cincinatti anticline, and the Lima- Indiana field obtains oil from depths down to 1000 feet from the Trenton Limestone which underlies the Hudson River shales. The Silurian beds outcrop further E. and the central Ohio field is fed from the Clinton Sandstone and Niagara Limestone. These porous beds are capped by the Devonian Ohio Shale. Further E,, in the geological centre of the field, the synclinal of West Virginia and Pennsylvania consists of Carboniferous rocks; pools of oil occur along many secondary folds, especially the anticlines; but some were along synclines while the adjacent anticlines were barren (e.g. the Whiteley and Waynesburg synclines, Stone, U.S.G.S., Bull. 225, 1904, pp. 409-10, and the Hinton Syncline, Ken- tucky, #bid., 688, 1919, p. 60). The mid-Continental field, in Oklahoma, Kansas, and Texas, includes rocks ranging from the Carboniferous to the Creta- ceous. The oil appears to have originated from the Carboni- ferous and some has accumulated in Permian sandstones. The oil is sometimes found in domes; but most comes from homoclinal beds; some of the pools are in almost horizontal beds, and occur in patches of porous rock surrounded by shale (Taff and Shaler, U.S.G.S., Bull. 260, 19035, pp. 441-5). The Oklahoma field has been the greatest producing field in the United States until for a time surpassed by California. Northern Texas is the continuation of the Oklahoma field. In Southern Texas the oil is found associated with salt domes, of which 62 were known by 1922; others have since been found by earth-waves due to explosions and by the torsion balance. The distribution of the oil in these domes is ap- parently capricious, and a high proportion of the wells has pro ed barren. The formation of salt domes is considered, page 213. They have probably been impregnated with oil from the shales through which the salt block has arisen. The most famous of these salt domes is Spindletop from which,

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