Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1794855874

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-179223

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Polner, Tichon I. http://d-nb.info/gnd/172311195

Title:: Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Place of publication:: New Haven

Publisher:: Yale Univ. Press

Year of publication:: 1930

Scope:: XXV, 317 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter VI. Relief of sick and wounded soldiers

Collection:: Economics Books

SICK AND WOUNDED 101 it was possible to turn them into accommodation for the wounded. Many societies, cooperative organizations, etc., as well as private individuals, declared themselves ready to furnish the zemstvos not only with hospital buildings, but even to equip them completely and sometimes even to defray all costs of maintenance. Everywhere we find women’s organizations springing up spontaneously to sew bed linen and underwear and serve in the hospitals. The feeling of sympathy with the sick and wounded was mani- fested not only by the educated classes, who might naturally be ex- pected to respond quickly, but also by the peasantry. In the province of Moscow instances were noted of peasants bring- ing to the hospitals cart loads of cabbages, potatoes, and other vegetables, as their contribution to the welfare of the wounded. In the province of Kaluga the peasants collected among themselves and presented for the benefit of the wounded thousands of yards of homespun linen. In the province of Novgorod the hospitals re- ceived from the peasants gifts for the wounded consisting of various articles, down to soap, buttons, thread, needles, etc. In the prov- ince of Orel, the peasants of the village of Lavrovo subscribed the sum of 6,000 rubles for a hospital to be maintained in their own name. In the volost of Tregubovo (district of Dukhovschinsk, province of Smolensk) there was opened at the outbreak of the War a hospital with twenty-two beds, equipped and maintained at the expense of the taxpayers of that volost, who for this purpose assessed themselves to a special tax, on the basis that landlords were to pay 2%4 copecks a month on each deciatine of land, while the peasants were taxed 2 copecks. In the provinces in which the manu- facturing industries were represented, for example, Kostroma, Vladimir, Yaroslav, and Moscow, one would often come across hospitals organized by the combined efforts of the workers and manufacturers. In the provinces of Ekaterinoslav and Kharkov a ma jority of the private hospitals were equipped at the expense of the owners, employees, and miners in the mining industry. One-third of all the hospitals opened under the zemstvo auspices were created exclusively at private expense. Most of these were only small hos- pitals, averaging twenty-five beds, in rural localities, and less fre- quently in the cities. The remaining two-thirds of such hospitals were larger. They were opened and maintained with funds provided

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