Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1794855874

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-179223

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Polner, Tichon I. http://d-nb.info/gnd/172311195

Title:: Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Place of publication:: New Haven

Publisher:: Yale Univ. Press

Year of publication:: 1930

Scope:: XXV, 317 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter VI. Relief of sick and wounded soldiers

Collection:: Economics Books

108 THE ZEMSTVOS DURING THE WAR for by transfers to other institutions (special) for further treatment, thus making a total of 74.4 per cent. In the first month, there were evacuated 6.6 per cent plus 13 per cent, which makes 19.6 per cent of all admissions. In the second month the respective figures were 20.7 per cent plus 15.2 per cent, making 35.9 per cent. In the third month we find 15.6 per cent plus 3.3 per cent, totalling 18.9 per cent. In the fourth month a considerable residue is formed, which shows a tendency to tarry in the hospitals rather long and makes up one fourth part of all admissions.t? In the zemstvo hospitals the patient found himself surrounded by an atmosphere of sympathetic care, so much so that it even pro- voked protests by the army authorities; the head of the army medi- cal department in his orders on more than one occasion thought it necessary to remind the Unions of Zemstvos and of Towns that they were dealing not merely with patients, but with soldiers who were expected to return to the army, for which reason the régime and discipline in the hospitals should be similar to what they were in the army. However, little attention was paid to orders of this kind, par- ticularly during the first year of the War. It is true, the “regula- tion” diet, though nutritious, was very modest. As a general rule, the patients were given in the morning tea and half a pound of white bread ; for dinner they had soup and meat, with porridge and black bread; at four o’clock they were given tea and white bread, and at seven-thirty they received supper consisting of two courses. Patients on this regulation diet were to receive only three-quarters to one pound of meat, one pound of white bread, one and one-half to two pounds of black bread, nine zolotniks'® of sugar, and one and one- half zolotnik of tea. Side by side with this regulation diet, however, the zemstvo hos- pitals made very extensive use of dieting “by special prescription of the doctor,” with the result that we find on the menu of various hos- pitals such comparative luxuries as boiled milk, milk porridge, eggs, cutlets, and fruit jellies. Not only were most of the zemstvo physi- cians inclined to allow their patients all kinds of privileges, but in addition the patients were surrounded by the tender care of patrons and patronesses and women’s committees, whose members kept unin- 12 Izvestia (Bulletin), No. 10, pp. 59-60. 13 One zolotnik — 0.15 ounces.

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