Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1794855874

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-179223

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Polner, Tichon I. http://d-nb.info/gnd/172311195

Title:: Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Place of publication:: New Haven

Publisher:: Yale Univ. Press

Year of publication:: 1930

Scope:: XXV, 317 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

Usage license:: Get license information via the feedback formular.

Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter VII. Relief of families of mobilized men

Collection:: Economics Books

138 THE ZEMSTVOS DURING THE WAR As a rule, the provincial zemstvos confined themselves to drafting a general plan of action, outlining the fundamental principles of the relief work and distributing the appropriations among the sev- eral districts either equally or in proportion to the number of men mobilized. The district zemstvos, on the basis of their own investiga- tions, would then grant the actual relief to those in need, working through the subsidiary organs that had either been in operation be- fore the War or been newly organized after its outbreak. Other bodies besides those connected with the zemstvos took part in the organization of the relief work. Such were the official volost relief committees and various charitable organizations. Lists of persons entitled to relief were usually discussed by village assemblies and, after amendment, were submitted to the district zemstvo board. The latter, in accordance with the instructions received from provincial assembly, would then compile the final lists. The district board and district committee of the Zemstvo Union were to see to it that the actual relief should be distributed locally as prescribed. However, the local organizations of the zemstvo and charitable institutions usually collected funds also on their own initiative. In the cities relief committees arranged concerts, theatri- cal performances, lotteries, public lectures, and other entertain- ments, and in the rural districts did everything in their power to collect donations and to impress on the peasants the importance of helping the sick and wounded, as well as the families of the soldiers, arging them to contribute in money or in kind or give their labor in the harvest season instead. In this way assistance was offered from all sides to the families of the mobilized men. In the first place, the law gave these families a right to government allowances, which varied with the period and the locality. During the first year of the War the average receipts of a family from this source were 13 to 15 rubles a month. Next came the additional zemstvo allowances to necessitous families, and lastly there were local charities contribut- ing their share to supplement the other two sources of relief. By way of example we may mention the district of Dnieprovsk in the province of Taurida, where 17,328 families aggregating 65,513 persons were receiving the government allowances on October 1, 1915. The monthly amount of the allowances fluctuated between 2.82 rubles and 3.56 rubles a head. A family received an average

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