Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1794855874

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-179223

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Polner, Tichon I. http://d-nb.info/gnd/172311195

Title:: Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Place of publication:: New Haven

Publisher:: Yale Univ. Press

Year of publication:: 1930

Scope:: XXV, 317 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter VII. Relief of families of mobilized men

Collection:: Economics Books

140 THE ZEMSTVOS DURING THE WAR moreover, were equipped with whatever was indispensable. When the weather grew colder the relief committees concentrated their efforts on purchasing firewood at a reduced price, or obtaining it perhaps free of charge. All the relief committees opened special employment bureaus for soldiers’ wives. These were given instruction in sewing and designing, and large numbers of sewing machines were pur- chased and often handed over to the women against payment by 2asy instalments and sometimes without any payment. Orders were obtained from private firms, the zemstvos, and the Government. The reports of ten out of the nineteen relief committees deal with the work accomplished by 2,100 women, who in the course of one year executed orders to the value of 150,000 rubles. They were also given employment in factories, in the various city departments, and as servants in private families. Day nurseries were established for children.® In Moscow the provincial zemstvo committee devoted its attention n the first place to those families of mobilized soldiers who were anxious to return to their native villages. The chaotic conditions prevailing on the railways during the first months of the War, and the destitution of these families, made the problem far from easy. Still, notwithstanding these difficulties, it was found possible to send back to their homes a total of 10,330 families up to the middle »f November, 1914. To help the remaining families, a special sub- committee was created in the provincial committee, where the fami- lies of mobilized men were given free legal assistance in obtaining employment and in placing their children in homes or orphanages. Among other things, the Central Committee of the Zemstvo Union established at Moscow a large number of tailoring shops where ma- terial was cut and distributed for women who work in their homes. Dut of the 85,000 women employed on this work, 21,000, that is, 60 per cent, were soldiers’ wives. Relief measures of practically the same kind were being taken in all the provincial and district towns of Russia. Everywhere numer- ous charitable organizations, relief committees, and women’s com- mittees were rallying round the Unions of Zemstvos and of Towns, to collect donations for soldiers’ families and to make a careful study of their wants. Dwellings, fuel, warm clothing, underwear, 3 Igvestia (Bulletin), Nos. 80-31, pp. 223-227.

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