Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1794855874

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-179223

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Polner, Tichon I. http://d-nb.info/gnd/172311195

Title:: Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Place of publication:: New Haven

Publisher:: Yale Univ. Press

Year of publication:: 1930

Scope:: XXV, 317 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

Usage license:: Get license information via the feedback formular.

Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter VII. Relief of families of mobilized men

Collection:: Economics Books

144 THE ZEMSTVOS DURING THE WAR tions. The estimates were usually worked out so that one-third of the expenses should be covered by subsidies from the Romanov Com- mittee and two-thirds by the provincial and district zemstvos, the Zemstvo Union, and by charitable organizations both national and local. The zemstvos endeavored to establish these colonies in the neigh- borhood of the zemstvo hospitals and schools, so as to secure for the children medical aid as well as elementary education. The size of the establishments and the cost of maintenance varied greatly. Thus, the Eupatoria district zemstvo in the province of Taurida intended to establish a colony for three hundred orphans between the ages of two and seventeen, involving an initial expenditure of 45,000 rubles and an annual charge for upkeep of 14,000 rubles. More often, how- ever, we find plans for establishments for only forty to sixty in- mates, In which case it is found desirable and perhaps sufficient to organize four or five such institutions in each district. While it was not found possible everywhere to carry out this program on the scale originally contemplated, many of the district zemstvos, never- theless, were able to set up such institutions. | In this connection we must note also the revival of an idea which had, apparently, been abandoned, after having enjoyed at one time a great deal of popularity—the idea of organizing zemstvo day nurseries in villages during the height of the harvest season. Origi- nally, these nurseries were intended to serve purposes of public health and prevent village fires by looking after the children whose mothers were busy in the fields. The necessity of employing female labor during the War in the absence of men brought this idea again to the fore. The peasants had previously looked askance upon such enterprises, but now the idea of establishing nurseries of this kind often originated with the peasants themselves. as well as with the co- pperative associations. As a rule, these nurseries were established in the zemstvo school ouildings standing vacant during the summer months. Usually, they were open only in the daytime and maintained for a period of one or two months. Admission was granted to the children of soldiers, ranging from infants to children of five and even seven years. The mothers who were receiving a separation allowance were to provide a specified quantity of milk and food. Special funds were also sup- plied by the zemstvos for improving the feeding of the children

Access restriction

Copyright

fullscreen: Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Monograph

Chapter

Table of contents

Download

Monograph

Chapter

This page

Image fragment

Citation links

Citation recommendation