Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1794855874

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-179223

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Polner, Tichon I. http://d-nb.info/gnd/172311195

Title:: Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Place of publication:: New Haven

Publisher:: Yale Univ. Press

Year of publication:: 1930

Scope:: XXV, 317 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter IX. Relief of refugees

Collection:: Economics Books

1'74 THE ZEMSTVOS DURING THE WAR The provincial zemstvo board of Ekaterinoslav reported that it had already spent 360,000 rubles, and requested the immediate re- mittance of an enormous sum, its expenditure for refugees being close on 2,000,000 rubles a month. Again, on October 3, the follow- ing telegram was received from the provincial zemstvo board of Samara: “No money; refugees arriving continuously; if no credits, assistance will cease.” Similar telegrams were being received from all parts of the country, while the Zemstvo Union was as yet in no position to send any money. Its resources having come to an end, it advised local committees to apply direct to the Special Council. But even then no improvement took place, since the very method of allocating funds still remained undetermined. Interference of the Government. The Special Council on Refugees worked out no uniform general scheme of relief for refugees, and funds were distributed among the organizations without due regard to their actual needs. Matters of principle simply had to be settled as they arose from day to day, while the financial commission was busy examining local estimates and budgets. These estimates were compiled in various ways; some organizations were serving the needs of a large number of areas in respect to some particular branch of relief, while others, again, sup- plied all kinds of relief within a limited territorial unit, such as a district or a province. The consequence was a situation of constant conflict, the proper settlement of which presented considerable diffi- culty. Some refugees would thus obtain the same relief on more than one occasion while others might possibly be left without any relief whatever. The very principles on which the relief work was based also differed according to locality. Thus, some organizations would issue rations to all the refugees, while others would issue them to those unable to work. Again, in one and the same locality rations might be reduced for large families, while other organizations would have a uniform ration for everybody; some organizations would take into account the government allowance received by the refugee dependents of mobilized men, while others would not; some organi- zations did and others did not furnish clothing, and so on. A great deal of time was required to coérdinate the conflicting es- timates. As a general rule, they would not be examined during the

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