Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1794855874

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-179223

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Polner, Tichon I. http://d-nb.info/gnd/172311195

Title:: Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Place of publication:: New Haven

Publisher:: Yale Univ. Press

Year of publication:: 1930

Scope:: XXV, 317 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter X. Participation of the Zemstvos in the work of supply

Collection:: Economics Books

THE ZEMSTVOS DURING THE WAR Participation in the Provisioning of the Army. By an order of the Council of Ministers issued on July 30, 1914, the purchase of foodstuffs, which had been one of the functions of the Ministry of Agriculture, was locally entrusted to regional and provincial commissioners, who were subject to the authority of the Minister of Agriculture and appointed by him. This order of the Council of Ministers provided that “in case the zemstvo institutions and other bodies should take part in the purchasing operations, they may appoint in each province their representatives, who shall be- come members of the receiving commissions which shall also include members of the provincial zemstvo boards.” The intention of this order was to dispense with the zemstvos in the purchasing operations and to allow their collaboration only in case of absolute necessity. In practice, however, most of the com- missioners were appointed by the Minister of Agriculture from among the chairmen of the zemstvo boards. In those instances where the commissioners in the zemstvo provinces did not belong to the zemstvos they invariably had representatives of the local govern- ment among the members of their councils. Consequently, in a ma- jority of zemstvo provinces where purchasing operations were being conducted, a very considerable share of the work was done under the direction of the member of the zemstvos, while the purchasing or- ganizations were being formed by the zemstvo board. Furthermore, the Government made a practice of inviting zemstvo representatives to conferences devoted to the problems of provisioning the army and the cities and the fixation of prices. The law of November 29, 1916, which established the compulsory levy of the grain required by the army,’ provided that in zemstvo provinces such levies could be apportioned among the districts by the provincial zemstvo boards, if they consented to undertake this work, while the district zemstvo boards were to apportion the quan- tity of grain for which the district was liable among individual landowners and peasant communities. The levy was to operate in thirty-four zemstvo provinces. The question whether they should take part in the carrying out of this scheme, which in most cases met with a hostile reception by the farmers, provoked heated debates od ” For a detailed treatment see Struve, op. cit.

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