Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1794855874

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-179223

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Polner, Tichon I. http://d-nb.info/gnd/172311195

Title:: Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Place of publication:: New Haven

Publisher:: Yale Univ. Press

Year of publication:: 1930

Scope:: XXV, 317 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

Usage license:: Get license information via the feedback formular.

Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter XI. Work in the army

Collection:: Economics Books

WORK IN THE ARMY 193 time. At first, the period of their stay in Moscow was not clearly de- fined, and the necessary repairs would be done hastily and super- ficially. With great difficulty the zemstvos succeeded at last in ob- taining authorization to keep such trains at Moscow for at least twenty-four hours after unloading. While improving and repairing the existing trains, the Union was constantly at work providing new ones, so that in May, 1915, a total of forty-eight trains had already been equipped in the work- shops (three trains for use on the narrow-gauge Austrian railways were produced in the workshops of Kiev). Side by side with this activity there was a constant reinforcement of the staffs, partly for newly formed trains and partly to replace the sick and discharged members. By December 1, 1914, the hospital trains department of the Unions employed 2,918 men and women, including 99 doctors, 194 junior medical officers, 323 nurses, 60 superintendents, 144 kitchen staff, 2,098 orderlies. For a considerable portion of this staff, kept in reserve, it was necessary to organize homes at Moscow, one for the medical staff and another for the orderlies. A hospital was also attached to these homes and it was often crowded with patients. In its reports the de- partment speaks not only of a high percentage of sickness among the staffs, but also gives a number of obituaries of orderlies, nurses. and doctors who met their death in the trains, as well as in the hos: pitals at the front. In addition to depots for the supply of underwear, clothing, medicines, dressing material, and other articles to the hospital trains, and in addition to the repair shops, the hospital train de- partment found it necessary to organize at Moscow on a gigantic scale the disinfection, cleansing, washing, and mending of under- wear brought from the front by the trains and taken from passing soldiers. From the beginning of July, 1915, a special provision de- pot came Into operation at Moscow for the provisioning of depart- ing trains. Nature of Work. At the front the hospital trains had very varied experiences. Sometimes a train would be left at a station for weeks and weeks, waiting for orders or progressing slowly over the badly congested lines. At other times there might be feverish and incessant work, and

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