Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1794855874

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-179223

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Polner, Tichon I. http://d-nb.info/gnd/172311195

Title:: Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Place of publication:: New Haven

Publisher:: Yale Univ. Press

Year of publication:: 1930

Scope:: XXV, 317 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter XI. Work in the army

Collection:: Economics Books

WORK IN THE ARMY 209 fate befell a flying squad of the Third Detachment and the detach- ment of the zemstvo of Bessarabia. Distribution of Field Detachments. The distribution of the field detachments over the various fronts was not even. Two detachments worked in Trans-Caucasia and Persia; seven, on the northern (German) front; nine on the south- western front; and thirteen on the western front. In the beginning the detachments operated quite independently of each other, dealing directly with the Central Committee at Mos- cow. Gradually, however, they were made to follow the instructions of the Union’s committees of the front, so that by the autumn of 1915 they were already under their absolute orders. Special de- tachments of a lighter type were sometimes organized in the war zone to carry the wounded from the trenches and render them first aid. They were usually known as field ambulances and depended for supplies on the army depots. Field ambulances were organized in thirty-four units, as follows: eleven on the northern front, ten in Trans-Caucasia, nine on the western, and four on the southwestern front. The field ambulances carried the wounded soldiers as a rule in light two-wheeled vehicles on springs, drawn by a team of horses. Much work was also done by motor cars adapted for ambulance service, and a certain number of these cars usually formed part of the equipment of every detachment (the Seventh, for instance, had thirty-two such motor ambulances). Special automobile convoys were also organized, each consisting of twenty cars for the transport of the wounded, five light cars for the medical staff and adminis- trative officers, two lorries, one car with repair machinery, and five motorcycles for the use of road scouts. Wherever the roads were good these automobiles were found of the greatest use. An efficient body of drivers composed of students from the technical colleges made it possible to operate the motor ambulances even on poor country roads, which at first sight might have seemed discouraging and almost impassable. In the deep sands and marshes of White Russia, however, and especially during the heavy rains in the spring and autumn, automobiles often proved useless. In Trans-Caucasia and in the Carpathians it was found necessary to transport the wounded on horses. For the seriously wounded, stretchers would be suspended on two long elastic poles, the ends of

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