Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1794855874

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-179223

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Polner, Tichon I. http://d-nb.info/gnd/172311195

Title:: Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Place of publication:: New Haven

Publisher:: Yale Univ. Press

Year of publication:: 1930

Scope:: XXV, 317 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter XI. Work in the army

Collection:: Economics Books

WORK IN THE ARMY western front alone effected 912,298 inoculations against cholera and typhoid and 50,410 against smallpox.’ On the western front the Zemstvo Union succeeded in organizing the campaign for the prevention of epidemics a little later. On Octo- ber 11, 1915, the Union convoked at Smolensk a conference of bac- teriologists and army doctors, which was presided over by the chief of the medical service of the western front. It was decided that inoculations against typhoid fever should at once be begun on a large scale, and that inoculations against cholera would also be nec- essary. Official inoculation commissions were then created with the participational zemstvo doctors. The Zemstvo Union undertook to supply serums for the needs of the entire western front as well as necessary instruments and also to undertake a, part of the work of inoculation. In Smolensk and Minsk the Union opened special laboratories for the testing of serums received from Moscow, and organized thirty inoculation squads which during the first ten weeks, that is, up to December 22, 1915, carried out 468,304 inocula- tions.18 215 By November 1, 1916, the total number of zemstvo inoculation squads on all the fronts was already eighty-four. By the summer of 1916 most of the men in the field had been noculated against typhoid, and in some of the armies against both typhoid and cholera. In the course of the summer of 1916 special inoculations against cholera were performed in many instances, and by November 1 of the same year the total number of all inoculations had reached about 5,000,000. The conference of representatives of the army medical service and of the Union of Zemstvos which met on August 28, 1916, came to the unanimous conclusion that the prompt inoculations had tended considerably to reduce sickness and mortality in the army. At the same time the conference found it de- sirable to repeat the anti-typhoid inoculations of the troops twice a year. From what has been stated above it will be seen that the enter- prise of the Zemstvo Union yielded beneficial results, and that the plan and the methods adopted in the selection of vaccines and in the '7 Ibid., Nos. 85-36, p. 243. '® Ibid., Nos. 80-31, pp. 188-191. ‘* Six on the northern front, forty-four on the western, thirty on the southwestern, and four in the Caucasus.

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