Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1794855874

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-179223

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Polner, Tichon I. http://d-nb.info/gnd/172311195

Title:: Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Place of publication:: New Haven

Publisher:: Yale Univ. Press

Year of publication:: 1930

Scope:: XXV, 317 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter XI. Work in the army

Collection:: Economics Books

WORK IN THE ARMY 225 No complete data are available of the number of people served by the zemstvo canteens. On the southwestern front the relief of the refugees and the feeding of the trench laborers was carried on by special organizations and we have stated in a previous chapter that more than 10,000,000 meals were served between June and Decem- ber, 1915, to refugees. Regarding canteens attached to the labor battalions we have at our disposal more detailed, though by no means complete, figures; from these it appears that the following number of meals were served between May 17, 1915, and August 1, 1916: trench workers obtained 82,754,985 meals; soldiers, 3,907,- 578 meals; prisoners of war, 4,428,925 meals; and refugees, 355,- 582 meals.?® It should be noted here that soldiers and refugees were only occa- sional visitors to these canteens. On the western front the work of all the canteens, that 1s, those serving the needs of refugees, soldiers, and trench and road laborers, from October, 1915, to June, 1916, is represented by the following figures: 18,629,000 meals to trench and road laborers including 3,919,000 to prisoners of war, 22,083,000 to refugees, 1,475,000 to the civilian population, and 1,831,000 to soldiers. The total number of meals served during this period was 44,590,000." It seems worth while to give a little space to the work accom- plished by the canteens and asylums for the children of refugees. This form of relief was particularly developed on the western front, thanks to the efforts of Countess Alexandra Tolstoi, daughter of the great writer, who took a most active part in a large number of meas- ares of relief undertaken by the Zemstvo Union in the Caucasus and in Minsk. At the close of 1915, Countess Tolstoi was asked to visit the western front to investigate the condition of the zemstvo asylums for refugee children who had lost their parents. These asylums were of a temporary character; they were used as clearing stations where children were washed, dressed, and sent on to the interior in large groups, to institutions where education and training would be pro- vided for them. Countess Tolstoi presented a favorable report on the condition of the asylums. She took advantage of this journey to investigate the condition of children who were still in the care of their parents, and her report contains the following observations: ® Izvestia (Bulletin), No. 48, p. 126. * Ibid., No. 47, pp. 100-101.

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