Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1794855874

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-179223

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Polner, Tichon I. http://d-nb.info/gnd/172311195

Title:: Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Place of publication:: New Haven

Publisher:: Yale Univ. Press

Year of publication:: 1930

Scope:: XXV, 317 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter XI. Work in the army

Collection:: Economics Books

WORK IN THE ARMY 237 tracted a great deal of favorable comment and approval in the army. The appearance of motor lorries carrying the complete equipment necessary for the repair of field guns produced a particu- larly good impression upon the military authorities. This repair shop was under the management of the engineers of the Zemstvo Union and, according to an official report, “brilliantly passed its theoretical and practical tests and rendered immense services to the artillery. It was ready for work within twelve minutes after its arrival and, in case of need, it could be dismantled and packed up again within six minutes.””* The high prices, poor quality, and local scarcity of certain com- modities for which there was a large demand, forced the Zemstvo Union to establish numberless producing enterprises of their own. Of the Union’s tanneries, which gradually extended to the whole country, we shall speak in the next chapter. We may mention here the large and successful soap factory in Kiev, the chemical works in Kiev, and the shops for the making of wagons, hot water boilers, field kitchens, disinfection machinery, furniture, and other equip- ment for hospitals. Many abandoned sawmills were set to work again. A vast production of woodwork, which was widely used in the army, was started, embracing everything from portable build- ings and river barges to office desks. On the western front the Union rented important brickyards and opened factories for the produc- tion of albuminous glue and a factory for the manufacture of oXy- gen. On the southwestern front the collection of old bones was or- ganized for the production of bone meal, whilst in Galicia attempts were made to resume the operation of the salt mines and oil wells. It is impossible within the brief space of this chapter to enumerate all the undertakings organized by the Union, especially as so many of them were begun only a short time before the outbreak of the Revo- lution and we have no data regarding their ultimate fate. The list of the institutions at the front maintained by the Zemstvo Union on November 1, 1916, contains 33 factories and 208 workshops of all descriptions. Apart from these many-sided activities, the Zemstvo Union was doing everything within its power to supply labor to the population of the war zone. As the ruined farmers were not always capable of *® Kratki Obzor Deyatelnosti (Outline), p. 71. * Ibid., pp. 72-78; also Izvestia (Bulletin), No. 29, pp. 156-157.

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