Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1794855874

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-179223

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Polner, Tichon I. http://d-nb.info/gnd/172311195

Title:: Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Place of publication:: New Haven

Publisher:: Yale Univ. Press

Year of publication:: 1930

Scope:: XXV, 317 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter XI. Work in the army

Collection:: Economics Books

240 THE ZEMSTVOS DURING THE WAR sidiary institutions and hundreds of thousands of employees could not possibly go on without a clearly formulated scheme. Such a reconstruction was gradually carried out during the sec- ond half of the War. Broadly, it followed the existing models of the zemstvo institutions as they had functioned before the War. It should be noted, however, that none of the committees of the front was able to complete the reorganization. The Union’s committee of the western front succeeded in going farthest in this attempt at reconstruction, and we shall briefly consider the general outline of the organization at that front as it appeared toward the close of 1916. The committee of the front met on the initiative of its chairman or of one of his two deputies. These meetings, which usually lasted two to three days, resembled the meetings of the zemstvo assemblies. As a rule, they were attended by about twenty commissioners and a large number of other zemstvo officials, the latter, however, having only a consultative voice, without the right to vote. They examined questions of principle, relating either to reforms in the organization or to fundamental changes in the work of the Union at the front. The chairman of the committee and his two deputies were required to see that its resolutions were duly executed. The chairman spent most of the time visiting the front, maintaining contact with the army authorities, receiving their orders, and settling on the spot such problems as might arise in the course of the work of local in- stitutions. The deputy chairmen remained at the headquarters of the committee of the western front at Minsk, whence they attended to the current affairs of the Union. As it was difficult for the commissioners to leave their headquar- ters often, the committee of the front met only on rare occasions. For this reason a special executive board was constituted which met daily and examined the more important business. The board con- sisted of the chairman of the committee, his two deputies, and seven members elected by the committee from among the commissioners. Matters for discussion were submitted to the board either by the chairman or by heads of the department, who had a right to vote in matters affecting their respective departments. When appropria- tions of funds were examined, a representative of the audit depart ment had to be present at the meeting.

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