Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1794855874

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-179223

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Polner, Tichon I. http://d-nb.info/gnd/172311195

Title:: Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Place of publication:: New Haven

Publisher:: Yale Univ. Press

Year of publication:: 1930

Scope:: XXV, 317 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter XII. The Central Committee of the union of Zemstvos in the third year of the war

Collection:: Economics Books

THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE 251 trench coats, stretchers, wagon covers, buckets, camp furniture, and so on. The value of goods manufactured by this factory in the course of its first year was nearly 8,000,000 rubles. A factory of sanitary equipment commenced operations almost simultaneously with the tent factory, in October, 1915, and on a similarly modest scale. Beginning with not more than seventy-two workers, it repaired water boilers, kettles, apparatus for bathhouses and laundries, and similar articles. In the third year of the War the buildings of the factory already covered an area of over five acres, consisting of eight separate buildings and three warehouses. The number of workers had now risen to more than seven hundred. Dur- ing the first three months the plant produced finished goods valued at 126,000 rubles; during the second quarter the output had risen to 561,000 rubles; during the third it amounted to 793,000 rubles; and the total production for the entire year was valued at 2,500,000 rubles. The articles manufactured by this plant included field kitchens, disinfection chambers, laundry machinery, hot-water boilers, portable bathhouses, and various dishes and kitchen utensils. The acute shortage of drugs and medicines, and the difficulty of obtaining sufficient quantities from abroad, forced the Central Com- mittee of the Unions to undertake the manufacture of such goods. A brewery was bought by the Moscow zemstvo in the vicinity of the :ity, and in August, 1916, it was set to work as chemico-pharma- ceutical works. The scope of production was gradually increased. The aim of the Union was to establish the new industry on a perma- nent basis and to maintain home production of the medical goods required by the zemstvo hospitals in peace time as well as in war. The works were provided with up-to-date scientific equipment. It was placed under the general supervision of the medical bureau of the Central Committee of the Union. The latter also found it neces- sary to increase considerably the Russian output of thermometers and to organize a special X-ray bureau to meet the demand for X-ray apparatus and appliances. The factories and workshops of the Zemstvo Unions were rather modest undertakings and fell far short of the European and Ameri- can standards, for by the end of 1916 merely 2,500 hands were em- ployed in the whole of them. The manufacture of articles of military :quipment and munitions developed on a much bigger scale but this will be discussed in Chapter XIII.

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