Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1794855874

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-179223

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Polner, Tichon I. http://d-nb.info/gnd/172311195

Title:: Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Place of publication:: New Haven

Publisher:: Yale Univ. Press

Year of publication:: 1930

Scope:: XXV, 317 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter XIII. The Joint Committee of the unions of Zemstvos and of towns for the supply of military equipment and munitions

Collection:: Economics Books

274 THE ZEMSTVOS DURING THE WAR committees, the Zemgor turned its attention to the medium-sized and small industrial establishments and to the rural craftsmen, organiz- ing them in guilds (artels) under its local committees and making extensive use of the numerous peasant cooperative societies. It was, however, not easy to achieve such an organization at a moment’s notice, and to train the workers in new methods of production of unfamiliar articles. Apart from these natural obstacles, the Zemgor had also to reckon with the generally unfavorable situation created in the country by the protraction of the War. The local committees [wrote the official publication of the Zemgor] began their work on army supplies at a moment when everything had disappeared from the market or had become so expensive that the re- sult was the same as if they had disappeared. The supply of the local committees with raw materials was hindered by two almost insuperable difficulties. In the first place, the producers of raw materials found it impossible to execute all their orders promptly and had to accept them on increasingly long terms of delivery, stipulating as long as six months for the completion. The second difficulty was the disorganization of transport, which made it impossible to deliver the materials when ready to the committees.? The complaints about transport facilities were particularly fre- quent. The Zemgor’s consignments were not regarded as “military,” which might have secured them the necessary rolling stock with less delay. Applications of the Central Committee for permission to load goods without waiting for the ordinary freight schedule remained unattended to for months. The delays in the goods traffic at times became almost incredible. Thus, we find instances in the official docu- ments of iron loaded at the station of Taganrog not arriving at Kazan until three months later. Owing to the congestion of traffic at important junction points, cars destined for these points often found themselves dispatched to other places, in which case it would be extremely difficult to trace the misdirected cars, loaded with raw materials urgently needed for the manufacture of indispensable army equipment. In consequence of the general chaos that reigned on the railways, abuses and corruption were rampant. To cope with the difficulties, a special department of transport 2 Izvestia (Bulletin) of the Zemgor, Nos. 15-16, p. 57.

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