Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1794855874

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-179223

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Polner, Tichon I. http://d-nb.info/gnd/172311195

Title:: Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Place of publication:: New Haven

Publisher:: Yale Univ. Press

Year of publication:: 1930

Scope:: XXV, 317 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter I. Origin and organization of zemstvo institutions

Collection:: Economics Books

26 THE ZEMSTVOS DURING THE WAR of the change made by the law of 1890 in the relationship between landed property qualifications and zemstvo representation: Area of Land per Member of District Zemstvos. 1877 1905 Curia of Curia of Curia of Curia of large owners peasants nobility peasants In the thirty-four zemstvo provinces Including: Moscow Samara 9.200 16,200 4.700 80.400 5,300 9,300 2,100 14,700 17,700 86,400 7.600 100.200 From an institution representing all classes of the population, the zemstvo was thus transformed into a body representing the nobility. The law of 1890 abridged the rights of the zemstvos considerably, and the Government was enabled more than ever to meddle in their affairs. We note here the following two innovations which exerted an especially harmful influence upon the further activities of the zemstvo institutions: (1) The provincial governors and the Minis- ter of the Interior were now authorized not only to refuse their ap- proval to undesirable presiding officers and members of executive organs elected by the zemstvos, thus preventing them from assum- ing office, but to appoint their own nominees to such posts, after having twice refused to confirm those proposed in their offices; (2) governors were authorized to prohibit the execution of resolutions of zemstvo assemblies, not only if they failed to conform to the law, but likewise when they did “not harmonize with the general interests and needs of the state, or clearly violated the interests of the local population.” These two provisions of the new law made the zemstvos in a very large measure dependent upon the arbitrary will of the officials of the central administration. And yet the changes in the law failed to justify the hopes of the Government. The composition of the assemblies changed but little, while the increasing intervention of the government authorities in the affairs of the zemstvos merely tended to accentuate their hos- tility to the Government. Upon the accession of Nicholas II, nine provincial zemstvo as- semblies presented to the Emperor an address in which they ex- pressed, among other things, a desire that he should govern the

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